The imaging modality of choice, permitting identification of; Anderson and D'Alonzo Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. The term "bony Bankart" (contrasted with a "soft Bankart" or "fibrous Bankart") is often used to refer Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Jones fracture. Epidemiology These fractures have an incidence 0.4% to 2.7%, and males are affected more-so than females. Associations Terminology. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. orbital blow-out fracture; frontal process of the maxilla; Nasal septal hematoma should also be actively assessed. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. There are two classification systems 5,6. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. A tuberosity fracture is also called a pseudo-Jones fracture or a dancer's fracture. Calcaneal Fracture; Charcot Foot; Clinical Consensus Statements and Practice Guidelines; Deep Vein Thrombophelbitis; Editor's Choice; 5th Metatarsal Base Fracture; Hallux Limitus/Rigidus; Hallux Valgus; Hammertoes; Health Measurement and Clinical Scoring Systems; Heel Pain: Plantar and Posterior; Investigators' Corner; A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. high risk of nonunion. high risk of nonunion. more: Jones fracture. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: thoracic spine compression fracture; traumatic brain injury (TBI) Clinical presentation. The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pseudo-Jones fracture or dancer's fracture is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal (the bone on the outside edge of the foot extending to the little toe). Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome.. Open book pelvic injuries result from an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis and result in a combination of ligamentous rupture and/or fractures to both the anterior and Radiographic features. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. History and etymology Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. There is no associated bone fragment. Classification. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. Classification. The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with Classification. History and etymology These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Epidemiology. Radiographic features. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Classification. Open book pelvic injuries result from an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis and result in a combination of ligamentous rupture and/or fractures to both the anterior and Acute, severe sternal pain that is worse with respiration with localized tenderness. Pathology. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. If immobilization is impractical (large body habitus) or the patient has polytrauma, surgical management may also be indicated. Traditionally this avulsion fracture has been ascribed to the insertion of peroneus brevis and is caused by forcible inversion of the foot in plantar flexion, as may occur while stepping on a curb or climbing steps. Patients with any neurological deficit or unstable fracture patterns (damage to the posterior ligaments) will need surgical fixation to decompress the spinal cord and stabilize the fracture 5. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Strictly speaking, a "Bankart lesion" refers to an injury of the labrum and associated glenohumeral capsule/ligaments (see History and etymology below). The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as Open book pelvic injuries are most often the result of high-energy trauma and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to associated vascular injuries.. Traditionally this avulsion fracture has been ascribed to the insertion of peroneus brevis and is caused by forcible inversion of the foot in plantar flexion, as may occur while stepping on a curb or climbing steps. fracture through the physis lover's fracture medial sustentaculum; intra-articular: 70-75% lover's fracture medial sustentaculum; intra-articular: 70-75% Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. Normal anatomy that may simulate a fracture include mainly: The "apophysis", which is the secondary ossification center of the bone, and is normally present at 10 16 years of age. Terminology. calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture. It is for this reason that the 5 th metatarsal base must be included in the lateral ankle projection of an ankle series, especially when performed for an These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. Acute, severe sternal pain that is worse with respiration with localized tenderness. Tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures are uncommon. Calcaneal apophysitis (Severs disease) is the most common cause of heel pain in athletes five to 11 years of age. thoracic spine compression fracture; traumatic brain injury (TBI) Clinical presentation. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Classification. Calcaneal fractures can be divided broadly into two types depending on whether there is articular involvement of the subtalar joint 2,7,8: extra-articular: 25-30%. Most of these fractures are treated with a hard-soled shoe or walking cast. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Pathology Mechanism. Sever disease (i.e., calcaneal apophysitis) is the most common cause of heel pain in children and adolescents. The term "bony Bankart" (contrasted with a "soft Bankart" or "fibrous Bankart") is often used to refer Plain radiograph. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the The imaging modality of choice, permitting identification of; Injury to these reinforcing soft tissue structures is thought to predispose to recurrent dislocation 7.. fracture through the physis A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. Classification. Radiographic features. Strictly speaking, a "Bankart lesion" refers to an injury of the labrum and associated glenohumeral capsule/ligaments (see History and etymology below). Pathology Mechanism. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Terminology. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Pathology. Calcaneal fracture. There are two classification systems 5,6. Epidemiology These fractures have an incidence 0.4% to 2.7%, and males are affected more-so than females. Calcaneal Fracture; Charcot Foot; Clinical Consensus Statements and Practice Guidelines; Deep Vein Thrombophelbitis; Editor's Choice; 5th Metatarsal Base Fracture; Hallux Limitus/Rigidus; Hallux Valgus; Hammertoes; Health Measurement and Clinical Scoring Systems; Heel Pain: Plantar and Posterior; Investigators' Corner; With this mechanism, the anterior tibiofibular ligament avulses the anterolateral corner of the distal tibial epiphysis 3. Associations The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). CT. Epidemiology These fractures have an incidence 0.4% to 2.7%, and males are affected more-so than females. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Open book pelvic injuries are most often the result of high-energy trauma and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to associated vascular injuries.. This fracture is likely caused by the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (tendon). A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. Classification. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. Pathology. Traditionally this avulsion fracture has been ascribed to the insertion of peroneus brevis and is caused by forcible inversion of the foot in plantar flexion, as may occur while stepping on a curb or climbing steps. Calcaneal Fracture; Charcot Foot; Clinical Consensus Statements and Practice Guidelines; Deep Vein Thrombophelbitis; Editor's Choice; 5th Metatarsal Base Fracture; Hallux Limitus/Rigidus; Hallux Valgus; Hammertoes; Health Measurement and Clinical Scoring Systems; Heel Pain: Plantar and Posterior; Investigators' Corner; This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. anterior calcaneal process fracture; calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture; extra-articular body fracture. The term is sometimes used to describe intra-articular fractures with Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Epidemiology Strictly speaking, a "Bankart lesion" refers to an injury of the labrum and associated glenohumeral capsule/ligaments (see History and etymology below). Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. Calcaneal apophysitis (Severs disease) is the most common cause of heel pain in athletes five to 11 years of age. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and bruising. Barton fractures are fractures of the distal radius.It is also sometimes termed the dorsal type Barton fracture to distinguish it from the volar type or reverse Barton fracture.. Barton fractures extend through the dorsal aspect to the articular surface but not to the volar aspect. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. Most of these fractures are treated with a hard-soled shoe or walking cast. Open book pelvic injuries are most often the result of high-energy trauma and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to associated vascular injuries.. This fracture is likely caused by the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (tendon). A similar-appearing anteroinferior fracture fragment may occur in extension teardrop fracture; however, the extension fractures more commonly occur in the upper cervical spine (e.g. lover's fracture medial sustentaculum; intra-articular: 70-75% A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. Classically, these fractures are extra-articular transverse fractures and can be thought of as a reverse Colles fracture.. Practical points. This fracture is likely caused by the lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (tendon). Pathology. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. Epidemiology Epidemiology. orbital blow-out fracture; frontal process of the maxilla; Nasal septal hematoma should also be actively assessed. It is for this reason that the 5 th metatarsal base must be included in the lateral ankle projection of an ankle series, especially when performed for an There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. Spinal fractures are usually the result of significant trauma to a normally formed skeleton or the result of trauma to a weakened spinal column. A tuberosity fracture is also called a pseudo-Jones fracture or a dancer's fracture. Epidemiology CT. The fracture commonly results from an abduction-external rotation mechanism. Terminology. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. Terminology. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. There is no associated bone fragment. more: Jones fracture. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Open book pelvic injuries result from an anteroposterior compression injury to the pelvis and result in a combination of ligamentous rupture and/or fractures to both the anterior and Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion fracture or tibial eminence avulsion fracture is a type of avulsion fracture of the knee. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Practical points. Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. History and etymology Associations Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome.. transverse fracture through diaphysis. Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture In reality, the majority of fractures that involve the physis have at least a small fragment of metaphysis associated with them and are therefore type II injuries. The fracture commonly results from an abduction-external rotation mechanism. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. The Salter-Harris classification was proposed by Salter and Harris in 1963 1 and at the time of writing (June 2016) remains the most widely used system for describing physeal fractures.. Patients with any neurological deficit or unstable fracture patterns (damage to the posterior ligaments) will need surgical fixation to decompress the spinal cord and stabilize the fracture 5. Looser zones are also a type of insufficiency fracture. With this mechanism, the anterior tibiofibular ligament avulses the anterolateral corner of the distal tibial epiphysis 3. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. Due to the aforementioned characteristics, the fracture typically resembles: Salter-Harris 3 fracture on AP Salter-Harris 2 fracture on lateral Small dislocations and the vertical fracture itself are frequently overlooked, and CT is advised if there is concern. Dorsal avulsion fractures account for about 95% all triquetral fractures, most of the remainder are body fractures 4. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Dorsal avulsion fracture. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the fracture through the physis Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) anterior calcaneal process fracture; calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture; extra-articular body fracture. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology Jones fracture. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures are a type of avulsion fracture of the knee that represent the most common isolated PCL lesion. Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable.They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name.. Complications may include injury to an artery or nerve, and compartment syndrome.. transverse fracture through diaphysis. C2), and have no associated posterior translocation of the posterior vertebral body. A trochanteric fracture is a fracture involving the greater and/or lesser trochanters of the femur.. Normal anatomy that may simulate a fracture include mainly: The "apophysis", which is the secondary ossification center of the bone, and is normally present at 10 16 years of age. Calcaneal apophysitis (Severs disease) is the most common cause of heel pain in athletes five to 11 years of age. The imaging modality of choice, permitting identification of; Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. Injury to these reinforcing soft tissue structures is thought to predispose to recurrent dislocation 7.. It should be noted that cartilaginous injuries cannot be detected radiologically and that imaging of simple nasal bone fractures often adds little to patient management. Classification. Insufficiency fractures are a type of stress fracture, which are the result of normal stresses on abnormal bone. Terminology. orbital blow-out fracture; frontal process of the maxilla; Nasal septal hematoma should also be actively assessed. Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. Pathology. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Terminology. There are two classification systems 5,6. Smith fractures, also known as Goyrand fractures in the French literature 3, are fractures of the distal radius with associated volar angulation of the distal fracture fragment(s). Most of these fractures are treated with a hard-soled shoe or walking cast. It is also known as backfire fracture or lorry driver fracture 1. It is typically an avulsion fracture. Pathology Mechanism of injury. Management depends not only on the type of fracture but also importantly on the functional status and living situation of the patient. These type of fractures are more common in children, especially aged 5-10 years, due to the elasticity of their bones. transverse fracture through diaphysis. Anderson and D'Alonzo Pathology. Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Falls, motor vehicle collisions, pedestrian accidents, cycling and diving are common causes of injury 6,7. C2), and have no associated posterior translocation of the posterior vertebral body. Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the Plain radiograph. With this mechanism, the anterior tibiofibular ligament avulses the anterolateral corner of the distal tibial epiphysis 3. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) Epidemiology. It is typically an avulsion fracture. transverse fracture 1.5-2 cm from tip of proximal tuberosity. Coronoid process fractures have been classified into three types within the Regan and Morrey classification system 1:. Due to the aforementioned characteristics, the fracture typically resembles: Salter-Harris 3 fracture on AP Salter-Harris 2 fracture on lateral Small dislocations and the vertical fracture itself are frequently overlooked, and CT is advised if there is concern. Terminology. A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. For example, someone who lives alone may not be able to do so without the use of one arm. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track A similar-appearing anteroinferior fracture fragment may occur in extension teardrop fracture; however, the extension fractures more commonly occur in the upper cervical spine (e.g. Sever disease (i.e., calcaneal apophysitis) is the most common cause of heel pain in children and adolescents. Normal anatomy that may simulate a fracture include mainly: The "apophysis", which is the secondary ossification center of the bone, and is normally present at 10 16 years of age. Tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures are uncommon. high risk of nonunion. Fracture of the coronoid process is thought to result from elbow hyperextension with either avulsion of the brachialis tendon insertion or shearing off by the trochlea 1.. Due to the aforementioned characteristics, the fracture typically resembles: Salter-Harris 3 fracture on AP Salter-Harris 2 fracture on lateral Small dislocations and the vertical fracture itself are frequently overlooked, and CT is advised if there is concern. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Epidemiology. Salter-Harris type I fractures describe a fracture that is completely contained within the physis. Sever disease (i.e., calcaneal apophysitis) is the most common cause of heel pain in children and adolescents. extra-articular lover fracture (or Casanova fracture) It should be noted that cartilaginous injuries cannot be detected radiologically and that imaging of simple nasal bone fractures often adds little to patient management. Fractures in these regions can be classified as: intertrochanteric fracture; pertrochanteric: intertrochanteric, involving both trochanters; subtrochanteric fracture; greater trochanteric avulsion fracture Classification. There may be a decreased ability to move the arm and the person may present holding their elbow. Calcaneal fracture. Tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures are uncommon. It is typically an avulsion fracture. Males are affected more commonly than females with a median age of injury of 56 years. Plain radiograph. Practical points. Acute, severe sternal pain that is worse with respiration with localized tenderness. type 1: avulsion of the tip of the forced inversion of plantarflexed foot. Classification. If immobilization is impractical (large body habitus) or the patient has polytrauma, surgical management may also be indicated. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pseudo-Jones fracture or dancer's fracture is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal (the bone on the outside edge of the foot extending to the little toe). Pathology. When a fracture is identified, a careful search for adjacent soft tissue injury should be undertaken. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Calcaneal fracture. C2), and have no associated posterior translocation of the posterior vertebral body. Pathology Mechanism of injury. It is interesting to note that the word chauffeur comes from the French for "someone who warms" the car engine. The term "bony Bankart" (contrasted with a "soft Bankart" or "fibrous Bankart") is often used to refer Injury to these reinforcing soft tissue structures is thought to predispose to recurrent dislocation 7.. Calcaneal fractures can be divided broadly into two types depending on whether there is articular involvement of the subtalar joint 2,7,8: extra-articular: 25-30%. scapular fracture; clavicle fracture; distal radial fracture (especially Colles fracture) Treatment and prognosis. Dorsal avulsion fracture. A Hill-Sachs defect is the terminology of preference over other terms, such as Hill-Sachs lesions, and Hill-Sachs fractures 14.. Repeat dislocations lead to larger defects, which can result in an "engaging" Hill-Sachs defect, which engages the anterior glenoid when the shoulder is abducted and externally rotated 4 (see article: on-track and off-track Dorsal avulsion fractures account for about 95% all triquetral fractures, most of the remainder are body fractures 4. Dorsal avulsion fractures account for about 95% all triquetral fractures, most of the remainder are body fractures 4. If immobilization is impractical (large body habitus) or the patient has polytrauma, surgical management may also be indicated. A similar-appearing anteroinferior fracture fragment may occur in extension teardrop fracture; however, the extension fractures more commonly occur in the upper cervical spine (e.g. Patients with any neurological deficit or unstable fracture patterns (damage to the posterior ligaments) will need surgical fixation to decompress the spinal cord and stabilize the fracture 5. The tuberosity avulsion fracture (also known as pseudo-Jones fracture or dancer's fracture is a common fracture of the fifth metatarsal (the bone on the outside edge of the foot extending to the little toe). These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable.They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name.. thoracic spine compression fracture; traumatic brain injury (TBI) Clinical presentation. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: Terminology. Classification. It should be noted that cartilaginous injuries cannot be detected radiologically and that imaging of simple nasal bone fractures often adds little to patient management. It is for this reason that the 5 th metatarsal base must be included in the lateral ankle projection of an ankle series, especially when performed for an Conveniently the Salter-Harris types can be remembered by the mnemonic SALTR.. type I. slipped; 5-7%; fracture plane passes all the way through the Cervical spine fractures can occur secondary to exaggerated flexion or extension, or because of direct trauma or axial loading.. Epidemiology. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. They should not be confused with fatigue fractures which are due to abnormal stresses on normal bone, or with pathological fractures, the result of diseased, weakened bone due to focal pathology Pathology. Examples of soft tissue injuries include: vascular more: Jones fracture. The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5. Odontoid process fracture, also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: Dorsal avulsion fracture. A tuberosity fracture is also called a pseudo-Jones fracture or a dancer's fracture. Pathology. The fracture complex results from a direct blow to the malar eminence and results in three distinct fracture components that disrupt the anchoring of the zygoma. Rarely, a torus fracture may refer to the fracture of an oral torus, and there is potential for the two terms to be confused 10. base of 5 th metatarsal fracture. This typically involves separation of the tibial attachment of the ACL to variable degrees. There is no associated bone fragment. These fractures are avulsion fractions of the ossification center of the lateral condyle, and as such are sometimes referred to as a lateral epicondyle avulsion fracture; either term is acceptable.They are distinct from a lateral condyle fracture which is a very different fracture despite the similar name.. Classification. Examples include: Jefferson fracture: ring fracture of C1; hangman fracture: bilateral pedicle or pars fracture of C2; dens fracture; flexion teardrop fracture: unstable flexion fracture; extension teardrop fracture: Jones fracture. CT. Radiopaedia.org, the wiki-based collaborative Radiology resource Anderson and D'Alonzo The fracture commonly results from an abduction-external rotation mechanism. Calcaneal fractures can be divided broadly into two types depending on whether there is articular involvement of the subtalar joint 2,7,8: extra-articular: 25-30%. Pathology Mechanism of injury. anterior calcaneal process fracture; calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fracture; extra-articular body fracture. In addition to reporting the presence of the fracture a number of features should be sought and in many instances commented upon as relevant negatives: Almost invariably, if the fracture involves a paranasal sinus, middle ear or mastoid air cells, then they will contain some blood, which is a helpful clue to the presence of an underlying fracture. Pathology Mechanism. Epidemiology. 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