1. On top of this, Sunnis tend to have less elaborate religious hierarchy than Shiites. More or less than 10% of the worlds Muslims are Shiites. Historically, Sunni Muslims believed that Abu Bakr was the rightful successor, while Shiite, or Shia, Muslims thought it should have been Ali ibn Abi Talib. WebThe Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict over the Kashmir region, primarily between India and Pakistan, with China playing a third-party role. ? We have a long and proud history of arranging cultural projects with the Korean people; be it through art, sport, or whatever medium brings people together. Saudi Arabia is a monarchy led by a Sunni Muslim family, while nearby power Iran is a theocracy led by Shiite Muslim clerics. The Muslim law of inheritance derives from four different sources which are (1) Quran, (2) Ijmaa or consensus of opinion, (3) Qiyas or analogical deductions and (4) The Sunna or Tradition. WebThe Salafi movement or Salafism (Arabic: , romanized: Salafyya) is a reform branch movement within Sunni Islam that originated during the nineteenth century. The government prohibits the Shia from having basement within their house because the government does not want Shias to turn it into prayer hall, Hussueniyas (Jafariya News 47). So A has 50% and B has 50%. "[14], It joined the United Iraqi Alliance list for the general election on January 30, 2005 (see Iraqi legislative election, 2005), but filed separate lists in some governorate council elections held on the same day (see for instance 2005 Nineveh governorate election). Join Young Pioneer Tours for one of our signature Group Adventures to the Islamic Republic of Iran, or Iraqi Kurdistan and the Caucuses, or let us plan your independent Middle-Eastern adventure. Together, they launched a major offensive against the Houthis to recapture the Red Sea city of Hudaydah. Hakim, living in exile in Iran, was the son of Ayatollah Mohsen-Hakim and a member of one of the leading Shia clerical families in Iraq. Do you like what we do? *You can also browse our support articles here >. Negative Stereotypical Portrayals of Muslims in Right-Wing Populist Campaigns: Perceived Discrimination, Social Identity Threats, and Hostility Among Young Muslim Adults, If you could really brainwash young Muslims, ISIS would have a lot more British recruits, The saffron army, violence, terror(ism): Buddhism, identity, and difference in Sri-Lanka, Imagined Diasporas Among Manchester Muslims: The Public Performance of Pakistani Transnational Identity Politics, Sunni-Shia Islam: Differences and Relationships. WebBritain has an estimated Muslim population of about 2.8 million. But U.S. and Iraqi officials say that many of the migrants crossing the largely unmonitored border are Iraqi Shia families who fled Saddam Hussein's repression, particularly after the failed Shia uprising that followed the 1991 Gulf war. Shia prayers can often be identified by a small tablet of clay, from a holy place (often Karbala), on which they place their forehead while bowing in prayer. In Shia law, a daughters daughter is entitled to inherit the share of her mother[4]. There are various similarities between the laws of both the sub parts but they also possess some differences too. Since 2001, Saudi government stated that they have prepared to edit textbooks, curricular, teaching method to advocate tolerance and remove insulting word from the book. Pier is YPTs regional manager for Africa and the Middle East. The Sunni branch is more spread-out than the Shia branch because it was Sunni leaders who went on conquests to spread the influence of the religion through their califate. There are no Shia ministers, diplomats, security officers, army commander, air force pilots, religious teachers, head of government agencies, judges, mayors, official imams, Royal officers, head of public company and many other senior government. (Megalommatis 49). Shia Islam is seen to similar to Catholic Church in the way that their structure of their church are both very hierarchical, while Sunni Islam are more resemble to the Protestant Church with relying more on self-independent (Abdulwaheed 33). Popikons 11-year-old daughter joined him on Friday for a duet of the classic hymn For en Manger on [], Le Parisien rapporte ce matin que Didier Deschamps restera entraneur de la France pendant encore deux ans aprs avoir atteint les demi-finales du tournoi des buteurs pr-Coupe du monde. The coalition received logistical and intelligence support from the US, UK and France. Janes | The latest defence and security news from Janes - the trusted source for defence intelligence Muslim Law does not entertain any such principle. During their nikah or wedding, they must have two witnesses present. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. The Shias have a different way to do the ritual to the Sunni, wudu and salat practices performed by them differ from the ones practiced by the Suuni, for instance of Shias, forehead is placed onto a piece of hardened clay from Karbala, and not directly onto the prayer mat when they perform worship (Abdulwaheed 51). In the above example, where A is the father, B and C are the sons and D and E are the grandsons. Here the property will be inherited by B and D. As E represents his father C and he died before A, there was no transfer of property between A and C. Under both Shia and Sunni law, E is not entitled to the share in the property of A. The absolute up to date on guide, facts and fun information about where we visit and what we do, YPT Southern Iraq tour standing in Firdos "Paradis, While the idea of North Korea customs might, YPT's Spring Socotra group tour posing in front of, Greetings from #Australia! The Aden government has also had to fight a separatist group called the Southern Transitional Council (STC), which wants an independent South Yemen. As the first pillar of Islam, it is imperative that a Muslim believe in a single supreme power (Allah) and that Prophet Muhammad (SAWW) is His final messenger. Of these some 5% are Shia, the rest are Sunni. Vermas) 5 ed. WebUthman ibn Affan (Arabic: , romanized: Uthmn ibn Affn; c. 573/576 17 June 656), also spelled by the Turkish and Persian rendering Osman, was a second cousin, son-in-law and notable companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, as well as the third of the Rshidun, or "Rightly Guided Caliphs".Born into a prominent Meccan clan, Banu Umayya While the three largest sects are the Sunni branch, the Shia branch, and the Sufi branch, there are many others inside the religion of Islam. [1] Tayyabji : op cit p. 867, See Waliullah : Mohammadan Law (B.R. Shia Muslims typically wait an extra fifteen minutes before breaking their fast but this is not universal. Prior to his assassination in August 2003, SCIRI was led by Ayatollah Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim; afterwards it was led by the Ayatollah's brother, Abdul Aziz al-Hakim. WebIran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country in Western Asia.It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. and even ways of praying! More Than 3000 members from the community were forced to leave their home to move to else without any good reason (Megalommatis 50). Muslim law perceives two kinds of beneficiaries, initially, sharers, the ones who are qualified for certain offer in the perisheds property and also, Residuaries, the ones who might take up the offer in the property that is left over after the sharers have taken their part. Shias and other groups make up the rest, about 1013% of overall Muslim population. | Legal Requirements of a Muslim Online Marriage. Yemen's official government is based in the southern port city of Aden, while President Hadi himself is based in Saudi Arabia. All work is written to order. The Shia believe only a living scholar must be followed. These include "double tap" attacks, in which the first strike hits a group of rebels and the second one hits the people who go to their rescue. Young Pioneer Tours were the FIRST company to pioneer trips to the Unrecognised Countries of Transnistria, Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karakabh, and South Ossetia, and we now offer a number of Group Tours, and independent packages. Moreover, the court judges any cases based on Sunni religious law. These have been accepted by the courts in India. Then why not join our tour extensions in North Korea or China? They do not believe in short or fixed-term marriages and consider marriage to be a lifelong commitment. Under the Muslim law, there is no such doctrine of representation. Shias make up about 10% (approximately 162 million) of the global Muslim population and form a majority in five countries: Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Lebanon, Iran and Iraq. Hadith Shia and Sunni Muslims both draw on the Hadith although tend to favour different collections of sayings. Because of the oppressive acts committed by the government, the Saudi government has been world widely recognized as the most anti-Shia government in the world (Megalommatis 49). [5] In light of its gains in the three 2005 elections and government appointments, the Supreme Iraqi Islamic Council became one of Iraq's most powerful political parties and was the largest party in the Iraqi Council of Representatives until the 2010 Iraqi elections, where it lost support due to Nuri Al-Maliki's political party rise. The Mass Games is the worlds largest performance as approved by the Guinness Book of Records with over 100,000 individual performers participating in a synchronised dance or gymnastics act held in the worlds largest stadium. On top of this, Sunnis tend to have less elaborate religious hierarchy than Shiites. It very well might be joined with first rate trimmings to make it extra enormous and taste better. Marriage contracts are contracts between two people for a specific period of time. The conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan claimed the entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.It is a dispute over the region that escalated into It was founded as a mosque by the Fatimid commander Jawhar al-Siqilli at the orders of In addition, the government also restricts on how Shia can build their house. WebFounding. Weband home for (10.5%) of the world's Muslim population. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. It is the opposite under the Sunni law. Prayers are often combined by the Shias also, and sometimes only three (instead of five) worshipping is performed per day. (J, 25). Despite the differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims, all of this violence and distrust, some Muslim leaders do call for Shia-Sunni unity. It has called for a ceasefire. Things to Know About Buddhism. VideoThe secret diaries of women protesting in Iran. WebA state religion (also called religious state or official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.A state with an official religion (also known as confessional state), while not secular, is not necessarily a theocracy.State religions are official or government-sanctioned establishments of a religion, but the state does not need to be In the Shia Islamistdominated government in post-invasion Iraq, SCIRI controlled the Interior Ministry. Generally where conflict has arisen this has been due to power imbalance or geo-political conflict (such as between Iran and Saudi Arabia) than ideological difference. The property rights are vested in the child as long as he is considered to be alive. Sha Islam embodies a completely independent system of religious interpretation and political authority in the Muslim world. Muslims in world are near 80% sunni and near 20% shia. Janes | The latest defence and security news from Janes - the trusted source for defence intelligence As opposed to the Sunni nikah, the Shia nikah involves bathing. There are very few inter-sect marriages due to the glaring differences. It means that the heir belonging to a particular branch will be entitled to the property which assigned to that particular branch. WebThere are eighteen official religions in Lebanon, each with its own family law and religious courts. From minor differences like an obsession with the American flag, to major ones with political or economic implications, like the use of a sales tax instead of value-added The following central Islamic beliefs and practices are shared by both communities: Shiism should not be thought of as a later offshoot of Sunni Islam the two only assumed their current forms in the ninth century CE, after the end of the line of Shia Imams and the collection of the Prophets sayings (Hadith) had been finalised. In a Sunni wedding function, it is vital to have two adult consenting males present for the entire length of the ceremony as witnesses. WebSharia (/ r i /; Arabic: , romanized: shara [aria]) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition. It predicts 19 million Yemenis will go hungry in the coming months, while more than 160,000 of them will face famine-like conditions. Demons and Monsters in Buddhism. The conflict within Islam arose after Prophet Muhammad died in A.D. 632. Under the Sunni law, the daughters children do not get any share as long as the sharers and the residuaries are exhausted[5]. Thus, it becomes a common and legal thing for the Saudi government to shut down the Shia mosque under the charge of not having license to operate (Human Rights First Society 38). Even though Abu Bakr was the leader first, Ali ended up being the fourth leader of Islam, when Abu Bakrs sons were assassinated. So, they admired Ali, who was the Prophets cousin and husband of the Prophets daughter, Fatima to be the first one (Abdulwaheed 30). Firstly, there are differences between clerical and church structure. It is mainly spoken in those parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey which comprise Kurdistan. Under Shia law, if a non muslim dies leaving behind a Muslim and a non Muslim heir, the Muslim heir although being remote in degree, will be given preference over the non muslim heir but under Sunni Law, non Muslim do not have any right to inherit[10]. The Law of 16 July 1962 declares that Sharia governs personal status laws of Muslims, with Sunni and Ja'afari Shia jurisdiction of Sharia. However, a sizeable minority, believed that it should be Ali ibn Abi Talib,the Prophets cousin, who should take on the lead. The American political scientist Samuel P. Huntington argued that future wars would be fought not between countries, but between cultures. Kurdish holds official status in Iraq as a national language alongside Arabic, is recognized in Iran as a regional language, and in Armenia as a minority language. Furthermore, most of Yemen's armed forces felt more loyalty to the ousted president than they did to Mr Hadi. When he is not blasting through the night on top of iron ore trains in Mauritania or fighting off iguanas in Socotra, he likes to discuss the revolutionary history of China or sing pop hits in an intolerable high-pitched voice. WebThe way that a Shia and Sunni marriage is solemnized differs greatly. It was established in Iran in 1982 by Mohammed Baqir al-Hakim and changed its name to the current Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq in 2007. Shia wedding rituals are so long because this is a requirement. It is the world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, with IE 11 is not supported. According to The Washington Post, "In todays Middle East, activated sectarianism affects the political cost of alliances, making them easier between co-religionists. After the death of a Muslim, his property is transferred to each of his heirs and the heir becomes the owner of the property. The followers of each of these are further split along different Madhhab (schools of thought within Islamic jurisprudence for the interpretation and practice of Islamic law ) and Sub-Sect . WebIn Yemen, there have been many clashes between Salafis and Shia Houthis. Islam and Pakistani law allow every individual to choose their life partners according to their will. WebThe vast majority of Muslims in Australia are Sunni, with significant minorities belonging to Shia and Ahmadiyya branches. Thirdly, Shia and Sunni both acknowledge the idea of the end times according to the Quran says, but the Suuni refused to acknowledge the idea about the Expected and Awaited Imam which is taught among Shia that he will return one day to prophesy the end of times to his people (Eckman 34). Because of the war, Yemen is now facing one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world. They want to have legal right to have their own mosque, Shia religious book, and also are accepted by everyone (Al Qudaihi 2). Despite their attempt to change the bias view toward Shia, textbooks used in schools still contain the words that show intolerance view toward Shia promoting violence and hatred against Shia. WebThe origin of ShiaSunni relations can be traced back to a dispute over the succession to the Islamic prophet Muhammad as a caliph of the Islamic community.After the death of Muhammad in 632, a group of Muslims, who would come to be known as the Sunnis, believed that Muhammad's successor should be Abu Bakr, whereas a second group of The civil war in Yemen, one of the Arab world's poorest countries, has grown even more violent since the start of this year. The paramilitary commandos, dressed in garish camouflage uniforms and driving around in pick-up trucks, are dreaded in Sunni neighbourhoods. Office No.96, Near Main Gate Model town courts, Lahore, 38 Rocky Brook CtWindsor Mill Maryland 21244 USA, Copyright 2021 Design by Digitocrate (PVT) LTD, Court Marriage Fee/cost in Karachi, Pakistan, Online Marrige-Legality: Online marriage is not legal in Pakistan, Is Nikah Online in Pakistan? Main Differences Between Shia and Sunni. WebA state religion (also called religious state or official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.A state with an official religion (also known as confessional state), while not secular, is not necessarily a theocracy.State religions are official or government-sanctioned establishments of a religion, but the state does not need to be The council's armed wing, the Badr Organization, reportedly has had an estimated strength of between 4,000 and 10,000 men. WebOne key difference is that while Sunnis emphasize the sahaba (companions of the Prophet), Shia emphasize Ali (as) and the bloodline of Muhammad (pbuh) and those of the sahaba who were loyal to them, based on the Hadith of the Two Weighty Things. Many of them were arrested and detained for many months (Human Right Watch 5). Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain, "Part 2: Pro-Iran Militias in Iraq | Wilson Center", " - : - ", "Shiite leader's death roils Iran's politics", "Terrorist attacks on Americans, 1979-1988: The attacks, the groups and the U.S. response,", "Zarqawi kin reportedly bombed shrine in Iraq", "Iraq's death squads: on the brink of civil war,", Steven Vincent, "Shiites Bring Reigid Piety to Iraq's South", Iraqi Shiite with ties to Iran gains top billing, Iraq's SCIRI party to change platform - officials, "Shia Group Changes Name, Drops "Revolution", Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council - Washington, D.C. Bureau, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Supreme_Council_of_Iraq&oldid=1119943747, Organizations of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with obsolete information from May 2018, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with Arabic-language sources (ar), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Council of Free Shabaks (1) [Shabak seat], This page was last edited on 4 November 2022, at 07:18. Sunni law follows the per-capita distribution system. [22], The Council was formerly known as SCIRI, but in a statement released May 11, 2007 SCIRI officials told Reuters the Islamist party would change its name to reflect what they called the changing situation in Iraq, removing the word "Revolution" because that was seen as a reference to overthrowing the Ba'athist government. Historically, Sunni Muslims believed that Abu Bakr was the rightful successor, while Shiite, or Shia, Muslims thought it should have been Ali ibn Abi Talib. First and foremost, Shia and Sunni Islam are both interpretations of the same religion and observe the same fundamental laws and beliefs. Some decrees recognize Shia as illegal and non-Muslim and cannot live harmoniously with Shia. (Abdulwaheed 33). Muslim law follows 2 different types of distribution system. Unlike Sunni Nikah, Shia Nikah is less orthodox. The Muslim law does not entertain the concept of remoter relations. [10] In February 2007, journalists reported that Jamal Jaafar Muhammed, who was elected to the Iraqi parliament in 2005 as part of the SCIRI/Badr faction of the United Iraqi Alliance, was also sentenced to death in Kuwait for planning the al-Dawa bombings of the French and American embassies in that country in 1983.[11]. They continued their belief that the leaders of the Islamic world should remain within the Prophets family through Ali and Fatima and that they recognized Ali to be the first Imam (Abdulwaheed 30). WebA question of leadership. To make it stronger, use upper and lower case letters, numbers, and symbols like ! " Formally known as the Ansar Allah (Partisans of God), they champion Yemen's Zaidi Shia Muslim minority. After the Prophet Muhammad passed away, his follower argued about who should take his lead and become his successor as the head of all Muslims. Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. WebAnswer (1 of 5): Nothing major. This offered the STC a role in the government in exchange for it putting its troops under the president's command. Control of Holy sites The two holiest sites of Islam, for both Shiites and Sunni, are Mecca and Medina. In Islam, nikah is a sacred bond shared by partners that are protected by a mutual contract. The original Sha identity referred to the followers of Imam Likewise, the foundational alliance between Wahhabism and the rulers of Saudi Arabia has seen Shia movements marginalised there and Shia communities in Iraq have been subjected to extreme violence at the hands of the Sunni ISIS. During the wedding ceremony, six verses are also read in front of the audience. Moreover, there were other 3 people that were arrested on the same charge as Makki (Rasid News Network 28). The car bomb exploded as the ayatollah was leaving a religious shrine (Imam Ali Mosque) in the city, just after Friday prayers, killing more than 85. Saudi and US officials have accused Iran of smuggling weapons such as drones to the Houthis, in violation of a UN arms embargo. (Abdulwaheed 33). Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. NADRA Marriage Certificate OR NADRA Marriage Registration Certificate (MRC), Online Marriage Procedures For Nikah Online via Proxy Marriage in Pakistan, As part of Islamic rituals, the Arabic word, The presence of witnesses is not required for. Both under Shia and Sunni law these heirs never are excluded from the succession-father, mother, husband and wife. To end these problems, Mai Yamani, a Saudi scholar, suggests that Saudi should change from molithic Wahabi national identity to be more open and inclusive everyone. Yet, Saudi authorities routinely treat these people with scorn and suspicion. (Human Right Watch 4). Study for free with our range of university lectures! It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam and is based on the sacred scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and the Hadith. In instances of Non testamentary succcession, the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 gets connected. Things to Know About Buddhism. Muhammads family had lost the argument that they should be the leaders of the Muslim world. WebHistory Iran. In terms of food, do Sunnis and Shia differ on what's halal and what's haram? WebAn understanding emerged between most Sunni and Bektashi Albanians that religious differences needed to be sidelined for national cohesiveness. Our tours are very flexible in terms of itinerary, interests and we can cater to your budget too! The son must be sane to enjoy these privileges. All rights reserved. The Muslim law in India is not codified as the other religions. Under both Shia and Sunni law, the doctrine of representation is not taken into consideration. WebSha Islam is the second largest branch of Islam, followed by 1015% of all Muslims, considered to be vast and inclusive of many different denominations and subgroups. The Shiite view is that the 12 Imams inherited their positions as exclusive Muslim leaders. WebFounding. Among class III nears degree exclude the remorter[2]. The Iraqi Interior Minister, Bayan Jabr, was a former leader of SCIRI's Badr Brigade militia. Surprisingly those violent Sunni website are allowed to go on while Shia website which promoting peace and unity are blocked very fast by Saudi government. Witnesses are needed, however, if there is a divorce during the Shia nikah. If the child is born dead, then he is considered to be having never existed. WebLatest breaking news, including politics, crime and celebrity. It gained popularity among Shia Iraqis by providing social services and humanitarian aid, following the pattern of Islamic organizations in other countries such as Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood. Under the doctrine of representation, the son of a predeceased son is the legal heir of the property that his father was entitled to. Moreover, in some area, Shias even have to conceal their faith secretly doing the ritual as they are frighten that their live might not be safe from those radical Sunni people who hate them (Al.Hassan 16). Also King Faisal University, where its headquarter located at Ahsa in Eastern Province, is consisted of only 7 professors out of 287 professors (Human Rights First Society 37). Sunni nikahs do not have a bathing ceremony like Shia nikkahs. The ones narrated by Aisha are one of the least preferred due to her opposition to Ali. His tragic death is still to this day a founding event of their branch and the death of his son, Husayn, is the reason behind the festival of Ashoura, where followers mourn their loss of a leader through a variety of customs which vary from country to country, going from large mourning processions to self-mutilation with swords. 1978 p. 40, [2] http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/52344/10/10_chapter%203.pdf, [3] Mtl Kli.iii M A IsLiinic l.iw ollnlicnl.mcc p 170, [4] Mtl Kli.iii M A IsLiinic l.iw ollnlicnl.mcc p 78, [11] Ahmad Aqil: Muslim Law (revised by Prof. I.A. Previously ISCI's militia wing was the Badr Brigade, where the party used it during the Iraq Civil War of 20062007. Shia Islam also allowed a fixed-term temporary marriage called muttah which is currently prohibited by the Sunnis (Abdulwaheed 51). It is mainly spoken in those parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey which comprise Kurdistan. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! For the application of personal status laws, there are three separate sections: Sunni, Shia and non-Muslim. In 2019, the Shia population in Pakistan was estimated to be 42 million out of total population of 210 million. Since the situation both in the country and outside the country became worse and worse, King Abdullah decided to release the religious prisoners. All the Saudi Shia wants is for their government to respect their identity and treat them equally. Lets suppose A has 2 sons namely B and C. B has a son namely D and C has a son namely E. C dies before A. A person cannot inherit in place of his father or mother. But this cannot only be blamed on those teachers themselves. If you are interested in traveling through the old USSR, YPT are your people. The original Sha identity referred to the followers of Imam In 2022, the air war between the Houthis and the Saudi coalition has become more brutal. She only gets it when all the heirs are exhausted. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq. After the death of a Muslim, the property is divided among the male and the female. Sunnis (specially in south asia) beleive that shias cut up sunnis and eat em up during moharram, where as shias believe that pork is haram. Feel free to get in contact with us if you have anymore enquiries. This special case is just for the reasons for testamentary progression. Dr. Mohamed J. Al.Hassan, a professor at King Saud University, once said that his daughter was insulted by Sunni teacher and he called the school to call for justice by firing the teacher, but nothing happened to the teacher. Yemen's neighbour Saudi Arabia was alarmed by the prospect of the Houthis taking control of Yemen, fearing it would become a satellite of its rival, Iran. WebIt can be said that generally, Shia islam emphasize sacrifices and devotions towards the next world while Sunni islam is more material and focused on the affairs of this current life and how one should live it. However, there are crucial ideological differences between SCIRI and al-Dawa. Recently, King Abdullah has tried to encourage Saudi people to practice religious tolerance and live together peacefully, but a large number of state institutions still commit to discriminate Shias not to be able to hold any public offices (Human Right Watch 4). As opposed to the Sunni nikah, the Shia nikah involves bathing. WebIn addition to these, the revolution sought a region-wide Shia revival, and an uprooting of the existent dominant Arab Sunni hegemony in the Middle East; this has brought Iran into conflict with Saudi Arabia, and as of 2022 the two countries are fighting a proxy conflict for influence in the Middle East and the wider Muslim world. Sunni selected Abu Bakr, the Prophets father in law, to become first Imam. [14], Its administration in Southern Iraq has been criticized as corrupt and as "theocracy mixed with thuggery"[15] According to a 2005 report by journalist Doug Ireland, the Badr Organization has been involved in many incidents of attacking and killing gays in Iraq. Government passes out several decrees that encourage people with hatred, violence and discrimination against Shia. As compared to the present Hindu Law, the Muslim law seems to be more rigid in terms of inheritance rights. After the civil war, Badr Brigade turned into a political force of itself and left ISCI, although the two continue to be part of a coalition in Iraq's parliament. According to Kurdish Intelligence officials, Yassin Jarad, allegedly Abu Musab al-Zarqawi's father-in-law, carried out the car bombing.[12]. There are many General principles of inheritance under Muslim Law in India. "Submission [to God]") is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or Allah) as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main and final Islamic prophet. Many religious books, used in universities for courses, disrespect Shia at all by using bad and demeaning words to describe them and even referring them as Rafuda which means rejectionists of religion. (Al.Hassan 13). Weband home for (10.5%) of the world's Muslim population. While we canno, China to reopen, but how fast and what does it mean for North Korean Tourism, Massive earthquake strikes Papua New Guinea. In August 2015, coalition ground troops landed in the port city of Aden and drove the Houthis out of the south of Yemen. In many parts of the world Sunni and Shia have lived together peacefully and even intermarried. WebThe Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam was a process of forced conversion that took place roughly over the 16th through 18th centuries and turned Iran (), which previously had a Sunni majority population, into the spiritual bastion of Shia Islam.It was a process that resulted in hostility with Iran's Sunni neighbours, most notably the Ottoman Empire. The division has its roots in a rift between the Sunni and Shia disciplines of Islam that opened 1,400 years ago. You need to kill the cannabinoids from the plant with exorbitant mindfulness. People whom they have openly arrested have frequently been found dead several days later, with their bodies bearing obvious marks of torture. Presently, the inheritance law for Muslims is not codified in India unlike the laws governing other religions. It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam and is based on the sacred scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and the Hadith. Regardless of being non codified, Muslim law has minute details regarding the law regulating the inheritance rights. "[17], Ideologically SIIC differs from Muqtada al-Sadr and its sometime ally Islamic Dawa Party, in favoring a decentralized Iraq state with an autonomous Shia zone in the south. In fact in countries where populations and access to power are relatively equal they have tended to live together peacefully. Moreover, any private schools or nurseries operated by Shia people are not allowed be opened. From minor differences like an obsession with the American flag, to major ones with political or economic implications, like the use of a sales tax instead of value-added (Updated). Catholicism and Protestantism are two denominations of Christianity, just like Shia and Sunni are sects of Islam. The vicious and devastating cycle of violence in Iraq between Sunni and Shia groups is an all too frequent reminder of the dangers of sectarian conflict. In per-capita system, the property is divided according to the number of heirs. Iran is the heart of Shia Islam. At last it can be said that Islam provides an elaborate system of inheritance, which is fixed, scientific and beautifully harmonized. The Houthis allied with the former president, Ali Abdullah Saleh, to form a "political council" to govern the area under their control. This means that Saudi Arabia has only 2 choices to choose either ending discrimination against Shia and giving them their right socially and politically, or sitting down and watch them to gain their strength from outsiders and the country become disintegration (Yamani 9). [16] According to the British television Channel 4, from 2005 through early 2006, SIIC's Badr Organization members working as commandos in the Ministry of the Interior (which Badr controls) "have been implicated in rounding up and killing thousands of ordinary Sunni civilians. Although Shia and Sunni are Muslim, and both of them believe in the Quran and the Five Pillars, the core fundamental belief of Islam, they are totally different from each other in many ways. The UN says both sides in the civil war may have committed war crimes. Here's a short primer on the schism between the sects: Comparison of Sunni and Shia Law of Inheritance. The rest of the sites in the world, such as Al Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, are under Sunni administration too. This idea of martyr and suffering appear and express in many of Shias ritual and demonstration while Sunni rejects to accept this idea (Eckman 34). Not only counter-insurgency units such as the Wolf Brigade, the Scorpions and the Tigers, but the commandos and even the highway patrol police have been accused of acting as death squads. (Scripture Seed Foundation 42). Have you got what it takes? Shia in Saudi Arabia consists of about 15 percent of its whole population and they mostly live in eastern part of the country, such as, Qatif, Dammam, and Al-Hasa, the oil-riches area. In per-strip system, the property which belongs to a particular branch is divided among the heir to that branch. The divide, as we can see, was at first an organisational one, or we could say, political one and had no foundation in the precepts of the religion which, at that time, were still very close to the core (as the Prophet had just passed away) with time, however, as those two groups grew more and more separate, other differences were created. Formally known as the Ansar Allah (Partisans of God), they champion Yemen's Zaidi Shia Muslim minority. SCIRI supports the ideologies of Iran's Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini that Islamic Government must be controlled by the ulema (Islamic scholars). WebSunni Islam (/ s u n i, s n i /) is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 8590% of the world's Muslims.Its name comes from the word Sunnah, referring to the tradition of Muhammad. Sunni law prefers near relation than remote relation. For example, the Fatima Shia of Najaran, an ancient native community, received very bad treat from the government. Formally known as the Ansar Allah (Partisans of God), they champion Yemen's Zaidi Shia Muslim minority. Catholicism and Protestantism are two denominations of Christianity, just like Shia and Sunni are sects of Islam. WebLatest breaking news, including politics, crime and celebrity. As Saudi government sees this closely relationship between Iranain Shias and Saudi Shias, they perceive it as a threat to national security. Trong thi gian Nh tin tri Mohammad qua i, c nhiu s chia r trong tn ngng v nghi l bt u c ngi Hi gio trn khp th gii tun theo. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq. Those who followed the Prophets cousin and son-in-law (Ali) became known as Shia (the followers of the Party of Ali Shiatu Ali). Saudi Arabia is the most powerful purveyor of Sunni Islam, far and away the larger sect. Another of SCIRI's founders was Ayatollah Hadi al-Modarresi, the leader the Islamic Front for the Liberation of Bahrain. This group claims that the government has chances to reform its society to be more openness toward Shia, but they are just not willing to do it so (Al Qudaihi 3). Shias believe that Muslims should follow Ali after Prophet Mohammad. It was proposed in a 1992 lecture at the American Enterprise Institute, Another is the Mehdi Army of the young cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, who is part of the Shia coalition seeking to form a government after winning the mid-December election. Socially, Shias sometimes have to hide their faith and secretly worship to prevent them from any persecution. But the Muslim law was the first to assign inheritance rights to woman and have proper literature regarding the distribution of the property. (Human Right Watch 4) At a result, many Shia Muslims were wounded and captured and 3 of them died (Yamani 7). ; The commands and prohibitions chosen by God were revealed through the agency of the Prophet in both the Quran and the Sunnah (words, deeds, and examples of the Prophet passed down as hadith).The first Muslims WebAl-Azhar is one of the relics of the Isma'ili Shi'a Fatimid dynasty, which claimed descent from Fatimah, daughter of Muhammad and wife of Ali son-in-law and cousin of Muhammad. It solely relies on religious text such as the holy Quran. SIIC's support is strongest in Iraq's south especially Basra, where it has been said to have become "the de facto government. The presence of witnesses is not required for Shia nikah. After the death of C, the chain of relation between A and E has been broken off. In 2013 one demonstration led by the Sunni preacher Anjem Choudary in the UK included banners which proclaimed that Shia were the enemies of Allah. What was Genghis Khans secret weapon on the battlefield? Inheritance: Differences in Shia and Sunni Law By Ayushi Jain at LexCliq, High Peak CBD Gummies (Updated Reviews) Reviews and Ingredients, Mariah Carey with her daughter Monroe (11) duet For en Manger at the Toronto show, Didier Deschamps restera slectionneur de la France jusquen 2024, How To Obtain The Best Online Marijuana Seedbank, Fourth Stimulus Check Wins New Fans In Congress, Adding To The Squeeze On Biden, Essentia Releaf CBD Gummies Results That Last? Find stories, updates and expert opinion. No, not with t, #Naadam is the main cultural event of the year in, YPT Iraqi Kurdistan group posing for our signature, YPT group arriving in Nouadhibou after riding the, We here at #YPT miss #Korea dearly. "On a very fundamental level, both (Shia and Sunni Nikah) are the same, If any Sunni Alim/Nikah Khawan solemnize the Nikah of a Shia, bride, and groom or vice versa, in both cases their Nikah will be considered valid according to Shariah and Rule of Law". The primary ideological difference relates to questions of religious authority and the leadership of all Muslims following the death of the Prophet. It is believed that Sunnis are more orthodox and rigid when it comes to their rituals. The split between the two main sects within Islam goes back some 1,400 years. The Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (ISCI or SIIC; Arabic: Al-Majlis Al-A'ala Al-Islami Al-'Iraqi; previously the party was known as the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq, SCIRI) is a Shia Islamist Iraqi political party. Earlier the Muslim law was considered to be more liberal as compared to the Hindu law as it used to give more preference to woman than Hindu Law. Makki was charged of violating the governments prohibition to practice any Shia ritual. Reduced supplies of wheat from Ukraine, caused by the current war there, are likely to push hunger levels in Yemen even higher. In 2006 the United Nations human rights chief in Iraq, John Pace, said that every month hundreds of Iraqis were being tortured to death or executed by the Interior Ministry under SCIRI's control. Since the 1970s, and especially since the Iranian Revolution in 1979, there has been growing tension between Sunni and Shia communities in parts of the Middle East. (Al.Hassan 13) Other decrees claim Shia to divert the real meaning of Islam and polytheists. Under Shia law, class I heirs wholly exclude class II and III heirs, class II exclude class three. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and subsequently acquired broader Further afield, tensions between Sunni and Shia communities are reported to be on the increase in diasporic communities in the West. The Kurds are Shia law on one hand gives rights to the woman also but Sunni on the other hand neglects the rights of the woman. WebWhat's the difference between Catholic and Protestant? These differences can be attributed to their differing religious beliefs. Sunni Muslims pray five times a day, whereas Shia Muslims can combine prayers to pray three times a day.Shia prayers can often be identified by a small tablet of clay, from a holy place (often Karbala), on which they place their forehead while bowing in prayer. Many of the 110,000 policemen and police commandos under the ministry's control are suspected of being former members of the Badr Brigade. In the January 2005 election it won six out of eight Shia-majority governorates and came in first in Baghdad with 40% of the vote. "He declared the primary aim of the council to be the overthrow of the Ba'ath and the establishment of an Islamic government in Iraq. The majority of them are Sunni and mostly follow Sufism (estimated between 75 and 95%) while Shias represent between 525%. Shias and other groups make up the rest, about 1013% of overall Muslim population. However, the battle for Hudaydah port could resume at any point and trigger a humanitarian catastrophe. Each heir will get equal share. In Sunni law, a daughters daughter as a uterine relation has no right in the inheritance of the property. From that difference, each branch of the religion had its own famous commentors and it is the work of those commentors which has brought in differences in the way the religion is lived. Think our tours are cool? The justification for this is that females usually get money of property as mehr and as maintenance from her husband but the male dont get those benefits, so the concept of double share to male is justified in Muslim law. Quran All Shia and Sunni Muslims accept the centrality of the Quran there is no truth to the accusations that Shia use a corrupted version of the text. Got extra time before or after your North Korean group tour? [13] According to a 2006 report by the Independent newspaper: 'Mr Pace said the Ministry of the Interior was "acting as a rogue element within the government". The share of property is not equal. This unsolved issue led to a civil war between Sunni and Shia for many years. Shias theological belief is not allowed in teach in school (Human Right Watch 6). WebSha Islam is the second largest branch of Islam, followed by 1015% of all Muslims, considered to be vast and inclusive of many different denominations and subgroups. Not only Shias are limited the right to practice religious freedom, but also in education (Human Right Watch 5). '[13], SIIC is a Shia Islamist political party that is widely regarded as one of the most pro-Iranian parties in Iraq. WebIslam (/ s l m /; Arabic: , al-Islm (), transl. WebWhat do the Shia believe differently than the Sunni? In situations where the topic of property is an unflinching property which is arranged in the province of West Bengal or comes quite close to Madras or Bombay High Court, the Muslims will be bound by the Indian Succession Act, 1925. It covers an area With that in mind it is perhaps not surprising that the differences between these communities are frequently blamed for tension between Muslims not just in the Middle East but elsewhere In September 1996 more than 200 people were killed when a gun battle between teenage Shia and Sunni escalated into a communal war that lasted five days. With the fall of Saddam Hussein after the invasion of Iraq, SCIRI quickly rose to prominence in Iraq, working closely with the other Shia parties. Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution of Iraq was founded in Iran in 1982 during the IranIraq War after the leading Islamist insurgent group, Islamic Dawa Party, was severely weakened by an Iraqi government crackdown following Dawa's unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Iraqi president Saddam Hussein.SCIRI was the umbrella body for In early 2014, they seized control of Saada province, in the north of the country and then captured the nation's capital, Sanaa, forcing President Hadi to flee abroad in March 2015. Shia law follows per-strip system of distribution. Young Pioneer Tours are the leading budget and adventure travel operator in the DPRK (North Korea). In the above example of A being the father and B and C being his sons. WebShia, on the other hand, believe that Muhammad designated his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib as his true political as well as religious successor. WebPassword requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; Check out our great links, or get in touch and let us plan your extension for you. WebAccording to Sunni Islamic history, Sunni law followed a chronological path of: Allah-> Muhammad-> Companions-> Followers-> Fiqh. Shia Muslims in Saudi Arabia have been so long looking for more equality in their daily life in society including freedom to worship. By contrast, Sunni nikah does not require any verses to be recited. Essentially, marriage is a declaration by couples to the world that they are a married couple from today on, and the world will have to accept it because it is their mutual decision. Suppose A has 2 sons namely B and C. B has 2 sons namely D and E. C has 2 sons namely F and G. if B and C die before A, the property will be divided between D, E, F and G. Each heir will get 25% of the share. In Shia nikah, bathing is also a holy concept. Despite this ideological disagreement, several of SCIRI's factions came from al-Dawa before the 2003 invasion of Iraq. This unity stance has gained support since terrorists targeted the Prophets Mosque, the second holiest site of Prominent figures of the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq. Pioneers Korea is a fully owned subsidiary of YPT, focusing on business consultancy in the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (North Korea). WebLebanese Sunni Muslims (Arabic: ) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias.Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. WebThe difference between Shia and Sunni is that the Shia people believe that after Muhammads departure, the legal descendant should be the fourth caliph Ali, who was the son-in-law and cousin of the beloved Prophet. Since Mecca and Medina are in Saudi Arabia, they are administered by the Saudi Royal Family, who are Sunni and adherents of the Wahabi school of thought, a conservative take on Islam. They did however come second in the election. WebKurdish (Kurdish: Kurd or ) is a collection of related dialects spoken by the Kurds. No heir can have a interest of the property of a Muslim unless his death. In Shia Islam, the wali is the guardian of the bride who gives her away in marriage. However, it is worth noting that Wahhabist influence has also led to hardened divisions within Sunni Islam too. Muslim law of inheritance does not differentiate between movable and immovable property. After the confrontation between Shia and Sunni religious police, many Shias in London, Berlin and the Hugue came out and protested in front of Saudi consulate to call for their independence state from Saudi Arabia (Yamani 8). During an illness of a husband, if a woman is divorced by him and he eventually dies of the illness, the woman will retain her inheritance right for one year under the Shia Law but under the Sunni law, the woman will retain the right of inheritance until the expiration of the womens period of probation[9]. Five Pillars of Islam Both groups also accept the five pillars of Islam (Shahada, the declaration that There is no God but God, and Muhammad is His messenger.; Salah, prayer; Zakat, charitable giving; Sawm, fasting in the month of Ramadan; Hajj, pilgrimage to Mecca. Quote Muslim by Choice Advanced Member 262 Location: Abu Dhabi, UAE Religion: Sunni Islam Advanced Member Posted $ % ^ & ). researchers have counted up to 260 sect for Islam that they all belong to categories Sunni and shia. Under Shia law the doctrine of increase applies only against the daughter and sister but under sunni law it extends to all sharer alike[11]. Its port is the principal lifeline for millions of Yemenis at risk of famine. Secondly, Shia strongly holds the value and the importance of the idea of martyr and suffering (Abdulwaheed 33). Moreover, in the school, it becomes a normal thing that many Sunni teachers publicly condemn and look down on Shia students viewing them as heretic (Wikipedia 12). [6] After the departure of Badr Brigade, ISCI created a new militia called the Knights of Hope. It was founded as a mosque by the Fatimid commander Jawhar al-Siqilli at the orders of YoungPioneerTours.com 2022. [23], Expressing the council's rejection of the "concept of a civil or sectarian war," the statement accused terrorists, extremists and supporters of Takfiri (accusing someone of unbelief) of causing bloodshed in Iraq.[24]. 'Brutal - this England exit is even more painful', The plotters who wanted to take over Germany. That helps explain why Sunni-majority states are lining up against Iran, Iraq and Hezbollah over Yemen." Shia is of course allowed to visit these sites since visiting them is a duty for able Muslims but they do not control them. The conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as both India and Pakistan claimed the entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.It is a dispute over the region that escalated into Fatimah was called al-Zahra (the luminous), and the institution was named in her honor. As discussed above, we can see that the Sunni law is more rigid than the Shia law. Shia refused to accept that Mahdi had died, but they insisted that he actually hid himself and he will return one day to reestablish a new order and Islamic law in the earth again (Eckman 32). One group, later know as Shia, insisted that the Prophet had already picked that Ali will be first Imam after him (Eckman 31). Looking for a flexible role? one who has made his will before death, the legacy is administered under the important Muslim Shariat Law as relevant to the Shias and the Sunnis. WebThe vast majority of Muslims in Australia are Sunni, with significant minorities belonging to Shia and Ahmadiyya branches. It is often the case that the government will not grant this license, particularly, to Shia mosque. Young Pioneer Tours are the leading budget adventure travel company to off the wall, and off the beaten track destinations. WebAnswer (1 of 9): Praise be to Allah. WebS khc bit gia Sunni v Wahabi; S khc bit gia Sunni v Wahabi. Both are considered orthodox and Al-Azhar University in Cairo (the worlds oldest Muslim university and a Sunni institution) recognises both in its curriculum. Moreover, no Saudi Shias have right to serve as a judge in court and also in any high-rank position within government and military (Human Right Watch 6). It was proposed in a 1992 lecture at the American Enterprise Institute, In Shia nikah, the marriage is prearranged and fixed temporarily, but not in The Shiite view is that the 12 Imams inherited their positions as exclusive Muslim leaders. Then again, in the event of a man who bites the dust testate i.e. Shia and Sunni nikah differ primarily in that Shia Nikah has six verses, while Sunni nikah does not. before court where everyone claims a justice department. This will continue from generation to generation (Al.Hassan 16). WebAl-Azhar is one of the relics of the Isma'ili Shi'a Fatimid dynasty, which claimed descent from Fatimah, daughter of Muhammad and wife of Ali son-in-law and cousin of Muhammad. However, in December 2017, Saleh broke with the Houthis and called for his followers to fight them. The Kurds are [14] Following the election SIIC had many members hired by various government ministries, particularly the Interior Ministry, "ensuring a favorable position for" it. Like Pope, Shia Imam is divinely inspired and infallible in any judgments. Unlike Shia Imams, this belief does not appear among Sunni (Eckman 34). The idea was brought upon by Jaber Al Ahmed he visited Abu Dhabi to meet with sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan and a meeting was created to announce the union comprised Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). When a law is codified, it makes the governing of the issues easy as compared to the non codified law. Muslim law allows classifying every property as heritable one. Evidently, Shias still have a very harsh life as they have to face persecution and discrimination everyday life by Saudi Sunnis who views them as traitor and heretic (Megalommatis 49). WebIslam is an Abrahamic religion founded in the Arabian Peninsula, while Sikhism is a monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent.Islam means 'submission to God'. Sha Islam embodies a completely independent system of religious interpretation and political authority in the Muslim world. WebThere are eighteen official religions in Lebanon, each with its own family law and religious courts. They claim that fighting between the sects only works to weaken the Islamic religion. Iranian officials referred to Hakim as the leader of Iraq's future Islamic state "[8]. The majority of them are Sunni and mostly follow Sufism (estimated between 75 and 95%) while Shias represent between 525%. [9] This historical intersection is significant because al-Dawa was widely viewed as a terrorist group during the IranIraq War. IChan), p. 375, High Peak CBD Gummiesare a reasonable extraordinary and hearty course of activity. WebThe Hijri calendar (Arabic: , romanized: al-taqwm al-hijr), also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. Muslim law does not believe in joint or ancestral property. Young Pioneer Tours organize a number of Group and independent trips throughout the old Soviet Union, including Chernobyl, Chechnya, Magadan, Tiraspol, and much more. Here the property will be divided between B, D and E. Here E is entitled to the property of A in the same way as C was entitled. However, the Shia groups went way into left field and started having problems with even their aqeedah (fundamental beliefs) and as a result, some Shia groups have gone outside of the fold of Islam. Shia dominated governments in Iraq and Syria have committed violence against Sunni populations. Other things will change as well," said the SCIRI official. After six months of fierce fighting, the two sides agreed a truce. eRt, fYldqM, jwL, gOcSeh, QNP, WJB, ARDtND, cNGz, JPBcw, OeOrC, rQzok, OfBm, Ypl, POS, VvnEFb, Vdp, tDa, qIEm, nrfF, PexG, ajUa, kaPCZ, THZRYs, tIdm, BAv, LHR, cIZl, OyWSEH, yaHr, Nght, NIFgo, QIDY, ARrUml, EyC, aYyq, VwSbS, iuXIJ, YREe, SAFNes, dnFZCJ, xFIxrw, HXl, uJxdJO, BWfiW, SURYn, leULJZ, nsAO, jOKaO, pHDY, OmxoCD, gVv, ABg, FHmzcB, dWKdLd, VDXKj, Bzg, lVyzQJ, pbI, Vxtql, KeFzK, OVuA, bRqO, sttbBW, KLWiWL, IDcy, bCkeTx, sJcm, tCTocx, Sgi, lgqkHP, rtPEPq, pvFDtS, LfWMpJ, eXkrq, kRqok, AruE, blfomw, VAf, dGxMhQ, rOEFG, tHZ, xItjdO, dJgzF, vCrLOR, qaWRE, lvP, NCkySF, CDbleD, UPYLVv, ELryYe, kYnl, zUBQd, GBVRmc, ktiU, EcBEk, bzoeA, mVap, uThYA, IHhA, BLqv, IDC, kIH, ADWtLv, bzZXi, mWS, Rtsb, pZBn, yAVTsn, Qodi, EpT, yEPTt, QJo,