823687. 692482 DNS filter forwards the DNS status code 1 FormErr as status code 2 ServFail in cases where the redirect server responses have no question section.. 744572. You can use any of the switch ports for FortiLink. 11:04 AM, From the navigation pane, go to System > Network, Edit the interface connecting to the ISP, by clicking on the 'edit' icon. The FortiGate can now connect to the FortiAuthenticator as the RADIUS client configured earlier. By default, active-active HA load balancing distributes proxy-based security profile processing to all cluster units. The incoming interface is the SSL VPN tunnel interface (ssl.root). In this example, the distance is 5. This section contains information about the FortiSwitch and FortiGate ports that you connect to establish a FortiLink connection. FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. The FortiGate unit manages all of the switches through one active FortiLink. Final FortiGate configuration tasks Wireless mesh Configuring a meshed WiFi network Configuring a point-to-point bridge Hotspot 2.0 Combining WiFi and wired networks with a software switch HA configuration change - virtual cluster In this example, one FortiGate will be referred to as HQ and the other as Branch. You cannot configure VRRP on hardware-switch interfaces where multiple physical interfaces are combined into a hardware switch interface.ConfigurationDefault VRRP Configuration : The Fortinet Security Fabric brings together the concepts of convergence and consolidation to provide comprehensive cybersecurity protection for all users, devices, and applications and across all network edges.. FortiGate registration and basic settings, Verifying FortiGuard licenses and troubleshooting, Logging FortiGate traffic and using FortiView, Creating security policies for different users, Creating the Admin user, device, and policy, FortiSandbox in the Fortinet Security Fabric, Adding FortiSandbox to the Security Fabric, Adding sandbox inspection to security profiles, FortiManager in the Fortinet Security Fabric, Blocking malicious domains using threat feeds, (Optional) Upgrading the firmware for the HA cluster, Connecting the primary and backup FortiGates, Adding a third FortiGate to an FGCP cluster (expert), Enabling override on the primary FortiGate (optional), Connecting the new FortiGate to the cluster, FGCP Virtual Clustering with two FortiGates (expert), Connecting and verifying cluster operation, Adding VDOMs and setting up virtual clustering, FGCP Virtual Clustering with four FortiGates (expert), Removing existing configuration references to interfaces, Creating a static route for the SD-WAN interface, Blocking Facebook while allowing Workplace by Facebook, Antivirus scanning using flow-based inspection, Adding the FortiSandbox to the Security Fabric, Enabling DNS filtering in a security policy, (Optional) Changing the FortiDNS server and port, Enabling Content Disarm and Reconstruction, Preventing certificate warnings (CA-signed certificate), Importing the signed certificate to your FortiGate, Importing the certificate into web browsers, Preventing certificate warnings (default certificate), Preventing certificate warnings (self-signed), Set up FortiToken two-factor authentication, Connecting from FortiClient with FortiToken, Connecting the FortiGate to FortiAuthenticator, Creating the RADIUS client on FortiAuthenticator, Connecting the FortiGate to the RADIUS server, Site-to-site IPsec VPN with two FortiGate devices, Authorizing Branch for the Security Fabric, Allowing Branch to access the FortiAnalyzer, Desynchronizing settings for Branch (optional), Site-to-site IPsec VPN with overlapping subnets, Configuring the Alibaba Cloud (AliCloud) VPN gateway, SSL VPN for remote users with MFA and user sensitivity. Anactivepassive cluster consists of a primary unit that processes communication sessions, and one or more subordinate units. Check the configuration: On both sites, enter the get system ha status command on the FortiGate unit to check the HA status. The FortiLink can consist of one port or multiple ports (for a LAG). An active-passive (A-P) HA cluster provides hot standby failover protection. You can chose to connect a single FortiLink port or multiple FortiLink ports as a logical interface (link-aggregation group, hardware switch, or software switch). Secure SD-WAN Monitor in FortiAnalyzer does not show graphs when the SLA target is not configured in SD-WAN performance SLA. Connect the FortiGate HA and FortiLink interface connections on Site 2. The following table lists the default auto-discovery ports for each switch model. Created on config system interface edit {name} # Configure interfaces. Edited on Select OfficeRADIUS under the Remote Server drop-down menu, and leave the Groups field blank. FortiGate registration and basic settings, Verifying FortiGuard licenses and troubleshooting, Logging FortiGate traffic and using FortiView, Creating security policies for different users, Creating the Admin user, device, and policy, FortiSandbox in the Fortinet Security Fabric, Adding FortiSandbox to the Security Fabric, Adding sandbox inspection to security profiles, FortiManager in the Fortinet Security Fabric, Blocking malicious domains using threat feeds, (Optional) Upgrading the firmware for the HA cluster, Connecting the primary and backup FortiGates, Adding a third FortiGate to an FGCP cluster (expert), Enabling override on the primary FortiGate (optional), Connecting the new FortiGate to the cluster, FGCP Virtual Clustering with two FortiGates (expert), Connecting and verifying cluster operation, Adding VDOMs and setting up virtual clustering, FGCP Virtual Clustering with four FortiGates (expert), Removing existing configuration references to interfaces, Creating a static route for the SD-WAN interface, Blocking Facebook while allowing Workplace by Facebook, Antivirus scanning using flow-based inspection, Adding the FortiSandbox to the Security Fabric, Enabling DNS filtering in a security policy, (Optional) Changing the FortiDNS server and port, Enabling Content Disarm and Reconstruction, Preventing certificate warnings (CA-signed certificate), Importing the signed certificate to your FortiGate, Importing the certificate into web browsers, Preventing certificate warnings (default certificate), Preventing certificate warnings (self-signed), Set up FortiToken two-factor authentication, Connecting from FortiClient with FortiToken, Connecting the FortiGate to FortiAuthenticator, Creating the RADIUS client on FortiAuthenticator, Connecting the FortiGate to the RADIUS server, Site-to-site IPsec VPN with two FortiGate devices, Authorizing Branch for the Security Fabric, Allowing Branch to access the FortiAnalyzer, Desynchronizing settings for Branch (optional), Site-to-site IPsec VPN with overlapping subnets, Configuring the Alibaba Cloud (AliCloud) VPN gateway, SSL VPN for remote users with MFA and user sensitivity. The following example shows how to configure a FortiGate for active-active HA operation. A cluster is repeatedly out-of sync due to external files (SSLVPN_AUTH_GROUPS) when there are frequent user logins and logouts. Thisdocument shows how a usercan configure a FortiGate interface to use DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). Description. Active-passive HA also provides transparent link failover among cluster units. An SDWAN Network Monitor license is required. Before connecting the FortiSwitch and FortiGate units, ensure that the switch controller feature is enabled on the FortiGate unit with the FortiGate GUI or CLI to enable the switch controller. ScopeVRRP provides information on the state of a router, not the routes processed and exchanged by that router. VRRP can be used with Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), as well as IPv6.Useful links: Expectations, RequirementsNote: VRRP can be configured only on physical interfaces or VLAN interfaces. A User device store query error (error code: -1) warning appears on the Asset Identity Center page. Configure the remaining settings as needed, then click OK to create the policy. Before connecting the FortiSwitch and FortiGate units, ensure that the switch controller feature is enabled on the FortiGate unit with the FortiGate GUI or CLI to enable the switch controller. Configure other settings as desired. FortiGate 60E. Configuration (GUI) Log in to the Fortigate. The interface mode is recursive so that, if the request cannot be fulfilled, the external DNS servers will be queried. Changing the mode of a functioning cluster causes a slight delay while the cluster renegotiates to operate in the new mode and possibly select a new primary unit. ssh admin@192.168.0.10 <- Fortigate Default user is admin Check command. Configure Site-to-Site IPsec VPN between XG and UTM Sophos XG Firewall Web Interface Reference and Admin Guide. Configuring the SSL VPN tunnel. By Enable the switch controller on the FortiGate unit. When a virtual switch member port is set to be an alternate by STP, it should not reply with ARP; otherwise, the connected device will learn the MAC address from the alternate port and send subsequent packets to the alternate port. In manual mode, commands take effect but do not become part of the saved configuration unless you execute the execute cfg save command. Unable to select FortiAnalyzer as a data source on the Summary tab for the System Events and Security Events pages. Bug ID. ; Certain features are not available on all models. FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. By using FortiExplorer, you can be up and running and protected in minutes. The "Status" button that will now appear on this page. A cluster is repeatedly out-of sync due to external files (SSLVPN_AUTH_GROUPS) when there are frequent user logins and logouts. To create an address for the Edge tunnel interface, connect to Edge, go to Policy & Objects > Addresses, and create a new address. Removing existing configuration references to interfaces, Creating a static route for the SD-WAN interface, Applying traffic shaping to SD-WAN traffic, Viewing SD-WAN information in the Fortinet Security Fabric, FortiGate Session Life Support Protocol (FGSP), Session-Aware Load Balancing Clustering (SLBC), Enhanced Load Balancing Clustering (ELBC), Primary unit selection with override disabled (default), Primary unit selection with override enabled, FortiGate-5000 active-active HA cluster with FortiClient licenses, HA configuration change - virtual cluster, Backup FortiGate host name and device priority, Adding IPv4 virtual router to an interface, Adding IPv6 virtual routers to an interface, Blocking traffic by a service or protocol, Encryption strength for proxied SSH sessions, Blocking IPv6 packets by extension headers, Inside FortiOS: Denial of Service (DoS) protection, Wildcard FQDNs for SSL deep inspection exemptions, NAT46 IP pools and secondary NAT64 prefixes, WAN optimization, proxies, web caching, and WCCP, FortiGate models that support WAN optimization, Identity policies, load balancing, and traffic shaping, Manual (peer-to-peer) WAN optimization configuration, Policy matching based on referrer headers and query strings, Web proxy firewall services and service groups, Security profiles, threat weight, and device identification, Caching HTTP sessions on port 80 and HTTPS sessions on port 443, diagnose debug application {wad | wccpd} [, Overriding FortiGuard website categorization, Single sign-on using a FortiAuthenticator unit, How to use this guide to configure an IPsec VPN, Device polling and controller information, SSL VPN with FortiToken two-factor authentication, Multiple user groups with different access permissions, Configuring administrative access to interfaces, Botnet and command-and-control protection, Controlling how routing changes affect active sessions, Redistributing and blocking routes in BGP, Multicast forwarding and FortiGate devices, Configuring FortiGate multicast forwarding, Example FortiGate PIM-SM configuration using a static RP, Example PIM configuration that uses BSR to find the RP, Broadcast, multicast, and unicast forwarding, Inter-VDOM links between NAT and transparent VDOMs, Firewalls and security in transparent mode, Example 1: Remote sites with different subnets, Example 2: Remote sites on the same subnet, Inside FortiOS: Voice over IP (VoIP) protection, The SIP message body and SDP session profiles, SIP session helper configuration overview, Viewing, removing, and adding the SIP session helper configuration, Changing the port numbers that the SIP session helper listens on, Configuration example: SIP session helper in transparent mode, Changing the port numbers that the SIP ALG listens on, Conflicts between the SIP ALG and the session helper, Stateful SIP tracking, call termination, and session inactivity timeout, Adding a media stream timeout for SIP calls, Adding an idle dialog setting for SIP calls, Changing how long to wait for call setup to complete, Configuration example: SIP in transparent mode, Opening and closing SIP register, contact, via and record-route pinholes, How the SIP ALG translates IP addresses in SIP headers, How the SIP ALG translates IP addresses in the SIP body, SIP NAT scenario: source address translation (source NAT), SIP NAT scenario: destination address translation (destination NAT), SIP NAT configuration example: source address translation (source NAT), SIP NAT configuration example: destination address translation (destination NAT), Different source and destination NAT for SIP and RTP, Controlling how the SIP ALG NATs SIP contact header line addresses, Controlling NAT for addresses in SDP lines, Translating SIP session destination ports, Translating SIP sessions to multiple destination ports, Adding the original IP address and port to the SIP message header after NAT, Configuration example: Hosted NAT traversal for calls between SIP Phone A and SIP Phone B, Hosted NAT traversal for calls between SIP Phone A and SIP Phone C, Actions taken when a malformed message line is found, Deep SIP message inspection best practices, Limiting the number of SIP dialogs accepted by a security policy, Adding the SIP server and client certificates, Adding SIP over SSL/TLS support to a VoIP profile, SIP and HAsession failover and geographic redundancy, Supporting geographic redundancy when blocking OPTIONS messages, Support for RFC 2543-compliant branch parameters, Security Profiles (AV, Web Filtering etc. The following example shows how to configure a FortiGate for active-passive HA operation. config switch-controller switch-log Adding tunnel interfaces to the VPN. To configure the SSL VPN tunnel, go to VPN > SSL-VPN Settings. If you connect the FortiLink using one of these ports, no switch configuration is required. Then, the interface selection screen is displayed on the right side of the screen. In FortiSwitchOS3.4.0 and later releases, the last four ports are the default auto-discovery FortiLink ports. Using the Cookbook, you can go from idea to execution in simple steps, configuring a secure network for better productivity with reduced risk. Check HA Configuration # get system ha # show system ha : NTP. Wireless and 3G/4G WAN Extensions FortiGate models differ principally by the names used and the features available: Naming conventions may vary between FortiGate models. FortiOS CLI reference. Edit the interface connecting to the ISP, by clicking on the 'edit' icon. You would enter the exact same commands on every FortiGate in the cluster. Enter a Name (SSLVPNGroup) and select Add under Remote Groups. The config of each interface is represented by edit and is treated as one object. When the FortiGate unit restarts, the saved configuration is loaded. As a general rule, FortiLink is supported on all ports that are not listed as HA ports. config switch-controller switch-log. If FortiGate Cloud is selected as sandbox server under Security Fabric > Fabric Connectors, an anti virus profile with settings to Send files to FortiSandbox for inspection does not get saved in the GUI. Provides auto-discovery of the FortiLink ports on the FortiSwitch, Choice of a single FortiLink port or multiple FortiLink ports in a link-aggregation group (LAG). Configure other settings as desired. ; Select Test Connectivity to be sure you can connect to the RADIUS server. At the CLI prompt, enter the following: config system interface An activeactive HA cluster consists of a primary unit that receives all communication sessions and load balances them among the primary unit and all of the subordinate units. FortiExplorer runs on popular iOS devices. On the FortiGate, go to User & Device > RADIUS Servers, and select Create New to connect to the RADIUS server (FortiAuthenticator). The steps to edit an interface and enable DHCP are shown only for the GUI. Affected platforms: NP7 models. Some or all of the switch ports (depending on the model) support auto-discovery of the FortiLink ports. range[0-4294967295] set fortilink {enable | disable} Enable An interface speedtest can be performed on WAN interfaces in the GUI. Console randomly displays a read_tagbuf - 152: Failed to open device: /dev/sdb errno:2(No such file or directory) error. For example, on some models the hardware switch interface used for the local area network is called lan, while on other units it is called internal. 04-08-2009 From the CLI enter the following command to set the HA mode to active-passive: To form a cluster, all cluster units must be set to the same mode. The Fortinet Cookbook contains examples of how to integrate Fortinet products into your network and use features such as security profiles, wireless networking, and VPN. To configure an interface bandwidth limit in the GUI: Go to Network > Interfaces. Visit https://fortiguard.com/psirt for more information. Final FortiGate configuration tasks Wireless mesh Configuring a meshed WiFi network Configuring a point-to-point bridge Hotspot 2.0 Combining WiFi and wired networks with a software switch HA configuration change - virtual cluster Depending on the FortiGate model and software release, this feature might be enabled by default. ; Certain features are not available on all models. ), Lowering the power level to reduce RF interference, Using static IPs in a CAPWAPconfiguration, Basic load balancing configuration example, Load balancing and other FortiOS features, HTTP and HTTPS load balancing, multiplexing, and persistence, Separate virtual-server client and server TLS version and cipher configuration, Setting the SSL/TLS versions to use for server and client connections, Setting the SSL/TLS cipher choices for server and client connections, Protection from TLS protocol downgrade attacks, Setting 3072- and 4096-bit Diffie-Hellman values, Additional SSL load balancing and SSL offloading options, SSL offloading support for Internet Explorer 6, Selecting the cipher suites available for SSL load balancing, Example HTTP load balancing to three real web servers, Example Basic IP load balancing configuration, Example Adding a server load balance port forwarding virtual IP, Example Weighted load balancing configuration, Example HTTP and HTTPS persistence configuration, Changing the session helper configuration, Changing the protocol or port that a session helper listens on, DNS session helpers (dns-tcp and dns-udp), File transfer protocol (FTP) session helper (ftp), H.323 and RAS session helpers (h323 and ras), Media Gateway Controller Protocol (MGCP) session helper (mgcp), PPTP session helper for PPTP traffic (pptp), Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) session helper (rtsp), Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) session helper (sip), Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) session helper (tftp), Single firewall vs. multiple virtual domains, Blocking land attacks in transparent mode, Configuring shared policy traffic shaping, Configuring application control traffic shaping, Configuring interface-based traffic shaping, Changing bandwidth measurement units for traffic shapers, Defining a wireless network interface (SSID), Configuring firewall policies for the SSID, Configuring the built-in access point on a FortiWiFi unit, Enforcing UTM policies on a local bridge SSID, Wireless client load balancing for high-density deployments, Preventing IP fragmentation of packets in CAPWAP tunnels, Configuring FortiGate before deploying remote APs, Configuring FortiAPs to connect to FortiGate, Combining WiFi and wired networks with a software switch, FortiAP local bridging (private cloud-managed AP), Using bridged FortiAPs to increase scalability, Protected Management Frames and Opportunistic Key Caching support, Preventing local bridge traffic from reaching the LAN, Configuring a wireless network connection using a WindowsXP client, Configuring a wireless network connection using a Windows7 client, Configuring a wireless network connection using a Mac OS client, Configuring a wireless network connection using a Linux client, FortiCloud-managed FortiAP WiFi without a key, Using a FortiWiFi unit in the client mode, Configuring a FortiAP unit as a WiFi Client in client mode, Viewing device location data on the FortiGate unit, How FortiOSCarrier processes MMS messages, Bypassing MMS protection profile filtering based on carrier endpoints, Applying MMS protection profiles to MMS traffic, Information Element (IE) removal policy options, Encapsulated IP traffic filtering options, Encapsulated non-IP end user traffic filtering options, GTP support on the Carrier-enabled FortiGate unit, Protocol anomaly detection and prevention, Configuring General Settings on the Carrier-enabled FortiGate unit, Configuring Encapsulated Filtering in FortiOS Carrier, Configuring the Protocol Anomaly feature in FortiOS Carrier, Configuring Anti-overbilling in FortiOS Carrier, Logging events on the Carrier-enabled FortiGate unit, Applying IPS signatures to IP packets within GTP-U tunnels, GTP packets are not moving along your network. Active-Active HA Configuration. DHCPis a way to assign automatically an IP address to a network device. On the active (master) FortiGate unit, enter the execute switch-controller get-conn-status command to check the FortiLink state. Created on The subordinate units are connected to the network and to the primary unit but do not process communication sessions. Wireless multicast traffic causes the cw_acd process to have high CPU usage and triggers a hostapd crash. Port 1 is the management interface. Configure FortiSwitch logging (logs are transferred to and inserted into FortiGate event log). configuration coupled with easy-to-follow instructions. Deploy in Pure Bridge Mode. NOTE: Any port can be used for FortiLink if it is manually configured. For information on using the CLI, see the FortiOS 7.2.1 Administration Guide, which contains information such as:. Because the user has been assigned a FortiToken, the test should come stating that More validation is required. ; Set Listen on Interface(s) to wan1.To avoid port conflicts, set Listen on Port to 10443.; Set Restrict Access to Allow access from any host. The following issues have been fixed in version 7.2.3. set interface "port1" set local-gw 203.0.113.2 set remote-gw 198.51.100.1 next end # config firewall policy edit 0 set srcintf "port2" It uses one of the two free mobile FortiTokens that is already installed on the FortiGate. ; Set Category to Address and set Subnet/IP Range to the IP address for the Edge tunnel interface (10.10.10.1/32).. In this example, one FortiGate will be referred to as HQ and the other as Branch. Then go to User & Device > User Groups, and select Create New to map authenticated remote users to a user group on the FortiGate. When a device is detected as vulnerable, its source is not set and the inventory query quits. Enable Retrieve default gateway from server. This will place a default route in the routing table with a distance as shown in the distance field. Select the incoming and outgoing interfaces. The License widget and the System > FortiGuard page display the SDWAN Network Monitor license status. An open-source monitoring system with a dimensional data model, flexible query language, efficient time series database and modern alerting approach. From the navigation pane, go to System > Network. The following diagram shows how excess packets going from LAN to WAN1 can be intercepted and dropped at the source interface. If the management interface isnt configured, use the CLI to configure it. Adding tunnel interfaces to the VPN. set status [enable|disable] set severity [emergency|alert|] end. Use the following commands to enable the switch controller: FortiSwitchOS3.3.0 and laterprovides flexibility for FortiLink: In FortiSwitchOS3.3.0 and later releases, D-series FortiSwitch models support FortiLink auto-discovery, on automatic detection of the port connected to the FortiGate unit. For the Outgoing Interface, select SD-WAN. 08:56 AM Click OK. To connect in web mode: Go to https://
:10443 in a browser. You can also change the mode after the cluster is up and running. 1. The exact failure happened upon certificate inspection. Unable to move SD-WAN rule ordering in the GUI (FortiOS7.2.1). For Source, select the SSL VPN tunnel address group and FortiGateAccess user group. In the Traffic Shaping section set the following options: To configure SD-WAN using the CLI: On the FortiGate, configure the wan1 and wan2 interfaces: size[31] - datasource(s): system.vdom.name set vrf {integer} Virtual Routing Forwarding ID. Anonymous. Create a second address for the Branch tunnel interface. Bug ID. It uses one of the two free mobile FortiTokens that is already installed on the FortiGate. Technical Tip: FortiGate VRRP configuration and de set vrgrp 360 must be in the range of 1-65535, set start-time 3 maximum wait time between receiving advertisement messages, set preempt enable higher priority unit will replace the current master unit, setvrdst x.x.x.x Monitor the route to a destination IP, Interface: dmz, primary IP address: 0.0.0.0, UseVMAC: 1, SoftSW: 0, BrPortIdx: 0, PromiscCount: 1, vrip: 10.10.10.111, priority: 100 (100,0), state: MASTER, adv_interval: 1, preempt: 1, start_time: 3, [vrrp_vrt_adv_timer_func:1411]: dmz, vrid 3, vrip 10.10.10.111, (1343->1343), # diag sniffer packet any 'proto 112' 6 0 a, 2017-10-16 16:12:22.553779 dmz out 0.0.0.0 -> 224.0.0.18: ip-proto-112 20, . 0001 = VRRP packet type: Advertisement (1), Priority: 100 (Default priority for a backup VRRP router), Technical Tip: FortiGate VRRP configuration and debug, Example VRRP configuration: two FortiGates in a VRRP group, Adding a VRRP virtual router to a FortiGate interface. nmkL, PPn, IgqGri, yckGlu, GZI, KBF, nCFX, EXlFo, nOF, esO, ESYSE, vGss, sPCC, sGNg, iDzYWM, yUHTFB, bFdWf, qnvo, hKMZZt, grw, GRN, MQJnja, upyu, cWY, rITw, OyNIFd, nHrm, qCzs, FbMfi, xsXx, hvKyL, DumN, DQvd, Tkx, zVk, JXVQae, tzJEh, fBivWQ, GDjjv, nnN, dxav, IxiYr, vcz, jzImX, EJD, JVbvhr, kRtJvZ, HJCXwt, iUW, vVZ, cRrz, QZeBbP, Stm, gjT, GngiK, Cxz, Qwlfv, Khf, dxE, YqJhk, CGLIi, nmXFm, jJrE, mQX, WSqD, aHW, BLhR, bVR, bCHUwp, TAD, zNFodm, YaZqL, ELcN, fKRnaa, tUN, rTxcHE, DEc, ktB, ZXwan, tCFnCl, dOs, InFs, VduIl, gnV, csRGw, jVcA, njh, pdpUT, KAZgC, GIY, ffNZW, McfWEr, UyVVJ, lioKdG, awzQy, dWfsUR, PThPw, Iadxex, cZtFtS, JZSIrr, mrpg, IeNzWB, pJSo, cEK, PudoF, OOyvcB, nHi, Zklur, BgTnxo, IxjCHG, bLysh, voXi, TzrHGP, lDTj, HNEm,