Keeping a wound moist decreases healing time by half. The next step is to measure your injury! Hospitalization and complex treatment may be necessary in such cases. You can use tweezers to remove visible bits of rock, grass, or dirt. Medical Bills Car Accident Settlement: Who Pays for it and How Is It Done. Wet or moist treatment of wounds has been shown to promote re-epithelialization and result in reduced scar formation, as compared to treatment in a dry environment. The steps you can take to treat your road rash are: Wash your hands: This will help prevent an infection from developing in the abrasion. These can develop when particles get embedded in the skin and cause permanent scarring and discoloration due to an injury that causes abrasions. Just clean the wound gently with plain water or saline and soap to remove all debris and cover the wound. Thoroughly wash the hands with soap and water and dry them before treating road rash. Cover the road rash with a dressing that will keep it moist. Our staff will carefully review your case and help you understand your rights following a collision. Laser treatments usually need to be done in a series, but the results and improvement we've seen with them is dramatic. It can be quite painful because nerve endings in the dermal layer are exposed when the upper layer of skin comes off. After cleaning your wound, rinse it with water, dry it, and apply more ointment. When a dressing is removed, gently cleanse the area with body temperature warm water, let it dry and re-dress. Follow these easy steps to safely tend to your wounds and avoid long-lasting scars. We are here to help. For about six weeks after surgery the scar becomes red, firm and hard. To do so, a person can follow these steps: As road rash heals, the skin can feel itchy or as though it is being stretched. Keep cuts and scrapes clean and covered. treatment sessions and/or multiple different laser types are needed to adequately treat traumatic tattoos [1, 3, 17], and even then, complete removal may not be possible. People of all ages can get road rash. The symptoms of road rash will depend on how deep the injury is. It will dissolve the tar, and you wont need to scrub.. Cancer treatment shows promise against multiple sclerosis in mouse study, Alzheimer's: Blood test may detect 'toxic' protein years before symptoms emerge, Low levels of vitamin D in the brain linked to increased dementia risk, How to recognize and treat an infected wound, Common skin rashes: Pictures, causes, and treatments, Eight effective home remedies for stopping bleeding, foreign bodies, such as dirt or glass, in the wound, damage to the tendons, nerves, or blood vessels. Sunscreen May Do More Than Ward Off Skin Cancer. Use moisturizing lotion on skin surrounding the injury and areas that may have healed. Severe road rash can cause substantial scarring and disfigurement. The skin on a rider's face is also vulnerable in an accident and that's a bigger problem when permanent scars form. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Swollen lymph nodes. Road rash injuries often occur while playing sports or engaging in physical activities, such as: Common road rash injuries cause surface-level friction burns. 1. Second degree rashes show bleeding, swelling, radiating heat, and exposed muscle, tendons, or nerves. Many victims choose to wait and see how scarring heals over time; however, often, victims opt for plastic surgery to help restore mobility and appearance following severe road rash, especially on the face or other highly visible areas of the skin. Cover the Wound 5. How to use? Researchers report that around 71% of reported injuries to children are abrasions. Without treatment and effective cleaning, foreign bodies such as dirt or pebbles can get trapped in the skin. Road Rash Care and Healing Reducing Road Rash Scar LEARN YOUR RIGHTS AFTER GETTING ROAD RASH FROM AN ACCIDENT We may earn commission if you buy from a link. The bandage will ensure that the antibiotic ointment remains in place while keeping your injury from drying out. Your email address will not be published. . If you want to make your scars less noticeable, try avoiding the sunUV rays increase pigmentation and can make your scar appear worse. Either way, it helps to know how to stop bleeding - it could be the difference between a, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. It is particularly effective for dark, red, or raised scars, she says. Once the abrasion is less leaky, place a semi permeable dressing (such as Tegaderm) on the wound. Wash the Injury 2. Keeping the wound clean and preventing infection are the main objectives when it comes to treating these types of injury. Road rash usually heals with a few days of home care, but some injuries may be deep enough to require medical attention. Change it daily until healed. Something called a "traumatic tattoo" could also . Please call Margell Abel, MPT, ALTAs ownWound Care Specialist, with further questions 303-444-8707 Ext. Treat life-threatening injuries first: Make sure they are breathing and conscious. What Is It When Your Car Shakes While Driving? Whenever you tear your skin, youre at risk of a scar. Whats The Difference Between Dutch And French Braids? Minor open wounds may not require medical, Symptoms of an infected wound can include increased pain and swelling. Experiencing road rash is bad enough. Use over-the-counter pain relievers as necessary. Apply a thin layer of an antibacterial ointment, such as Bacitracin, to any open wounds. Learn more about diabetes and wound healing here. Besides being painful, it's inefficient. Procedure: A. Ideally, this needs to be strict for 12 to 18 months post injury, McGinty says. For the first couple of days the wound tends to leak fluid and will require daily dressing changes. Supplements for heart health: Which ones are beneficial and which ones are not? Minor road rash pain can be treated at home with over the counter pain relievers. Wound care practices used to be to clean it with hydrogen peroxide and let it scab. To help reduce scarring, carefully massage newly healed skin with a light moisturizer. Read More. However, if visible pieces remain, use a pair of tweezers to lift out the foreign objects carefully. Older road rash injuries can be treated too, but may not respond as well to the laser. Treating road rash burns may be complicated and costly because there are often other types of motorcycle accident injuries that also need treatment. Change your bandage at least once a day to ensure that your road rash stays clean and protected. Most road rash should heal within 2 weeks with good care of your wounds by keeping them clean and moist. As your wound heals, it should become less painful every day. New skin is fragile, so avoid sun exposure and excessive friction. Just like with a first-degree road rash injury, it will generally heal without the need for medical treatment. You dont want a scab to form or the wound to dry. Some studies suggest that involving burn experts in treatment can improve outcomes. These devices are safe to use on every skin type (color), so anyone who has suffered a road rash injury may have treatment. Nonsterile gloves 2. The best dressing is one that does not stick to the abraded surface. Leaving an infected wound untreated can have serious health repercussions. It is best to keep a wound moist and covered for at least five days. The newer, preferred technique of wound care is to keep the wound moist and covered. Roz McGinty, a triathlete and plastic-surgery nurse specialist recommends doing it twice a day for a few minutes each time. This can include physical and occupational therapy for weeks or months after your wounds heal. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. Cleaning out the wound is essential to prevent infection and remove any foreign bodies that may be in the wound. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2012-2022 On Secret Hunt - All Rights Reserved Most importantly, well provide you with the support you need as you attempt to move forward. Some of the methods for improving a burn scar's appearance include: Antibiotic Creams - prescription and non-prescription varieties are available . Manns tips for treating skin abrasions are: If its just a simple abrasion, rather than a gaping wound, you will most likely be okay. Although its fine to swim in a pool with an open paper cut, Wang advises against pool swimming when you have an open wound or a wound with stitchesits just better to be safe. Scrub out debris Gently scrub the wounded areas to clean out dirt and debris. Restorative surgery may be necessary. You might need antibiotics and dressing changes, so make sure you are seen by a doctor, Goldberg says. Another useful tool for "detail work" is a firm-bristled toothbrush. In those cases, how you treat road rashyour wounds can mean the difference between a quick and safe recovery or prolonged scabbing and scarring. Pus or fluid draining from the wound. Dressing. Use an antibiotic ointment or cream to cover the wound. A handful of studies have found that when wounds are kept moist and covered, blood vessels regenerate faster and the number of cells that cause inflammation drop more rapidly than they do in wounds allowed to air out. Road rash often damages the knees, elbows, forearms, and hands of victims. Serous fluid, also known as serous exudate, is a yellow, transparent liquid that aids the healing process by providing a moist, nourishing environment for the skin to repair. Repeat daily for up to four months to help eliminate scars and improve skin health. Any increases in pain, swelling, redness, or smelly discharge could be a sign of infection. Goldberg advises treating really dirty wounds with a cleanser such as Skintegrity Wound Cleaner as soon as possible. Ouch! Road Rash Scars. Do not use peroxide, and dont scrub hard. Use an antibiotic ointment: This will help to prevent infection while also acting as a moisturizer. how to clean road rash road rash skin infected road rash road rash treatment road rash scar road rash healing road rash on face road rash pain relief how to heal road rash. To really clean road rash of all foreign matter and debris, you may need to scrub and debride that wound. (n.d.). It is important to treat road rash as soon as possible after sustaining the injury. That said, in most instances, road rash usually improves with home care. Receiving medical treatment after a motorcycle accident can reduce or prevent infection, scarring, and disability. Wound home skills kit: Lacerations & abrasions. A road rash is usually a superficial skin lesion that does not require professional treatment. 6.3k views Answered >2 years ago. The severity of a burn and resulting scar dictates treatment. Gently rinse and clean: Use lukewarm water to clean the. Hydrocolloid dressings also provide a thermal barrier that keeps wounds warm. Before you start treatment for your or a loved ones road rash, make sure to wash your hands thoroughly with warm soap and water to help prevent infection. Faster healing occurs because the skin can migrate inward more easily and little islands of skin grow from the inside of the wound out, creating an efficient environment for healing. Before and After Scar Removal for Road Rash Pavement Scars - 10 Overview | Treatment | Before and After Pictures | Cost * Q-switched laser treatment of road rash pavement scar removal before and after pictures Previous Next Click on a photo to enlarge Contact Us I wish to receive promo offers and mails from Celibr Scarring is common. Use lukewarm water and antibacterial soap. Keep them moist. While abrasion wounds look bad and feel worse, learning how to heal road rash is relatively straightforward. Remove and dispose of old bandages. Treating Road Rash from a Motorcycle Accident Here's how to treat road rash injuries: Wash Your Hands: Start by washing your hands to remove the bacteria and harmful substances that could cause infections. In some cases, the road rash wound can even take on the pattern of whatever it was that damaged the skin. If your accident happens in a dangerous area, such as in the middle of a road, you should move yourself to a safer area (off the road) if you are able to. However, the most common locations include your knees, hands, elbows, forearms, or other bony areas. Wash the affected area with antibacterial soap and rinse well. In fact, road rash can be more painful than a puncture wound, as it affects more nerve endings . You want to get the wound clean before blood starts to dry and trap dirt and gravel bits inside. When was the last time rapscallion was in the shop? We avoid using tertiary references. It hurts, it bleeds, it weeps, and, depending on how you take care of it, it SCARS! The less damage there is to the skin, the faster it heals. For stubborn, sticky contaminants such as road tar, Iams recommends baby oil. Use soap and a clean cloth to gently clear away antibiotic ointments, scabs, and loose tissue. The aftermath of a road rash, take some water out of your bottle, try to scrub so on your wounded area to clean that place a bit. How we test gear. Tetanus infections are very rare in the U.S. due to the availability of the vaccine. People are usually more active during the warmer months and wear less clothing, resulting in minimal skin protection. Because warmth facilitates good blood flow, a warm wound heals more quickly. For minor abrasions without any contamination, gently washing with soap and water will be all that is required. In most cases, the wound is easy to treat and heal at home. According to the American Academy of Dermatology, keeping your wounds moist helps your skin heal and speeds your recovery. For a free consultation, fill out the form below or call us anytime. Wound care supplies ( choose one option per specific wound care guidelines): a. The latter is also sometimes called turf burn. Given that choice, its not surprising that so many of us choose to wear our road rash scars as badges of honor. . 2 Stabilize life-threatening injuries. Over the next four months the scar will soften and lose the redness. We will then represent you in court, arguing your case and working to help you recover your losses. Road rash is a skin abrasion caused when the skin makes contact with the road surface. Wash thoroughly Use soap and clean water to gently wash scrapes and cuts. Keep the Bandage Fresh 6. If the person has diabetes or cardiovascular problems, or if they have not had a tetanus shot in over 10 years, it is important to seek medical help right after the injury that caused the road rash. Part of your treatment should focus on minimizing scarring and regaining movement abilities in the affected parts of the body. Part 1 Determining the Extent of the Damage Download Article 1 Move to a safe area, if possible. Stop and Assess 4x4 kerlix fluffs 4. No masochistic scrubbing is necessary! They damage skin cells. Many victims choose to wait and see how scarring heals over time ; however, often, victims opt for plastic surgery to help restore mobility and appearance following severe road rash, especially on the face or other highly visible areas of the skin. Website by 200 Websites. Last medically reviewed on September 15, 2020, An open wound leaves internal tissue exposed. It can occur in any part of your body. When you get a scrape or an abrasion, serous fluid (which contains serum) can be found at the healing site. Third-degree road rash Wash your hands: This will help prevent an infection from developing in the abrasion. A dry wound quickly forms a scab and slows your ability to heal. A person may wish to apply moisturizer frequently to keep the skin soft. Carefully wash the road rash injury to help disinfect the wound. A road rash injury can have many causes, but the abrasion wound occurs most frequently during spring and summer. Thoroughly wash the hands with soap and water and dry them before treating road rash. It allows the skin to heal from the inside-out and reduces scabbing, which in turn should reduce (or at least minimize) long-term scarring. .css-11c3ro6{display:block;font-family:Velo,Georgia,Serif;margin-bottom:0.3125rem;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-11c3ro6:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 61.25rem){.css-11c3ro6{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 61.25rem){.css-11c3ro6{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-11c3ro6{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}7 Ways to Eat More Vitamin K, 6 Tips for Your First eMTB Ride from a Pro, Soup is Healthy and a Great Rehydrator after Rides, The Bike Mayor of Boston Wants More People to Ride, How Exercise Timing Affects Your Blood Sugar, Tested: 10 Best Electric Mountain Bikes Right Now, Get Real with These Five Steel Road Bikes, Exercise May Reduce the Risk of Metastatic Cancer. Deeper wounds may require stronger pain relievers. It can also leave a discoloration known as a traumatic tattoo, which occurs when . The dressing should cover 1-2 inches beyond the margins of the injury. Most road rash should heal within 2 weeks with good care of your wounds by keeping them clean and moist. Most people obtain road rashes also known as scrapes, abrasions, strawberries, or raspberries while playing sports, exercising, or riding bikes. Here are four key steps to road rash treatment. You can keep the bandage in place for several days. Join our email list to receive the latest in health news and special events (1-2 emails a month). If you notice discoloration, thick and uneven scarring, or if your road rash hasnt healed after two weeks, seek medical attention. 2004-2022 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Doing so will help prevent a form of scarring known as tattooing. For an at-home scar treatment, try a silicone-based gel, like Kelo-Cote, says Rita Linkner, MD, a board-certified dermatologist with Spring Street Dermatology. And she wouldnt do either in open water. To minimize the risk, massage your wound regularly with a moisturizer once it heals. Skinned knees are one form of road rash, but these injuries can also be quite serious especially when they result from a vehicle accident, for example. Abrasion is the medical term for road rash. Bony parts of the body that do not have much body fat or thick skin such as the knees, elbows, or ankles are more likely to get road rash than other areas. You can usually self-diagnose a road rash. Friction Burn (AKA Road Rash) Management 3 VI. Finally, keep a close watch on the wounded area. When people get these types of injuries, the skin breaks, small capillaries also break, and blood seeps out. Road rash is something like going to the spa and getting a deep exfoliating treatmentfor free! Road rash, or abrasion, is a common type of injury. Don't scrub the wound, because you may cause more tissue damage and pain by doing so. Then, secure it with Spandage. These scars are usually incurred in accident situations that revolve around skateboarding, mountain biking and . Recovery at Home and Beyond As your road rash heals, monitor the wound for formation of scar tissue. Gently Clean the Wound: Carefully clean the wound. After cleansing, apply a nonadherent, protective dressing and secure it in place with a bandage. Gently rinse and clean: Use lukewarm water to clean the area that is affected. If you take good care of the wound and keep it clean and dry, it will heal on its own in two weeks. (2017). The steps you can take to treat your road rash are: Wash your hands: This will help prevent an infection from developing in the abrasion. The cream or ointment will help kill bacteria, fight off infections, and moisturize the injury while it heals. A person may be able to treat minor wound infections at home. Motorcycle Road Rash Treatment Is Costly. Moistening your scabs or wounds can also stop your wound from getting bigger and prevent itchiness and scarring. Dress the Wound 4. Equipment 1. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional. ROAD RASH TREATMENT 1. These kinds of injuries can result from an accident, such as falling off a bicycle or when a baseball player slides into home plate. Treatment is fairly simple and common-sense, and first-degree road rash will heal on its own without major medical attention, likely leaving no permanent scarring. However, you can speed up the process by ensuring that your injury stays clean, moist, and properly covered. Your email address will not be published. The new skin has to tunnel underneath the scab, so the wound can only heal from the edges in. Yes, it could leave scars. The newer, preferred technique ofwound careis to keep the wound moist and covered. Thats a big ask for cyclists, who would rather be out riding. This can cause a type of scarring called traumatic tattooing. Usually after day 2, the dressing can stay in place for 3 to 7 days, or until the wound is healed. Deeper abrasions, which can reach down into the dermis, may occur alongside other symptoms, including: Traumatic tattoos are perhaps the most extreme symptom of road rash. Home | About | Contact | Copyright | Privacy | Cookie Policy | Terms & Conditions | Sitemap. "That stuff can have bacteria behind it." Stay clear of iodine, alcohol and hydrogen peroxide. This is the normal process of scarring. Hoogenboom, B. J., & Smith, D. (2012). Then apply a clear dressing like Tegaderm and cover it with gauze to secure it. "Silicone acts like an adhesive. Cleaning does not need to happen immediately after bleeding is controlled, but should be performed when safe and practical; once home or at your destination for the day. If you can see fat globules or there is a deep cut, you probably need to get stitches; stop and go to the ER, Goldberg says. If you notice an increase in pain, bleeding, discharge, pus, or if you develop a fever, you should seek medical care immediately. The injury will likely feel painful and have a bright red appearance. If money is not an issue, use a hydrocolloid dressing, such as Duoderm right away. Thus, road rash treatment must be taken care of seriously. Stop bleeding: Usually, road rash oozes rather than gushes blood. Gently rinse and clean: Use lukewarm water to clean the area that is affected. While there is no specific way to treat thin skin or to thicken the, Rashes can appear similar while pointing to a wide range of health problems. discoloration and swelling around the injury getting worse, red or dark streaks in the skin leading away from the wound. In fact, road rash can be more painful than a puncture wound, as it affects more nerve endings. This type of dressing is more absorptive and forms a gel like mass that keeps fluid in place. Clean the wound gently with water, dabbing with gauze or a cotton pad. The massage helps to break down the scar tissue and the moisturizer hydrates the new skin, she says. You can do your best to prevent going down, but sometimes, .css-qlm9kn{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#067EA7;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;background-image:linear-gradient( to bottom, #7fdbfa, #7fdbfa);-webkit-background-position:0 100%;background-position:0 100%;background-repeat:repeat-x;-webkit-background-size:0 0;background-size:0 0;padding-bottom:0.05rem;padding-top:0.05rem;}.css-qlm9kn:hover{color:#045976;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;-webkit-background-size:.625rem 3.125rem;background-size:.625rem 3.125rem;}its unavoidable. Actually it's not like that at all. Wound carepractices used to be to clean it with hydrogen peroxide and let it scab. In extreme road rash cases, however, pieces of debris such as rocks, glass, metal, or dirt can become permanently lodged below the skin and create a bruised appearance over the wounded area, sometimes called atraumatic tattoo. All rights reserved. How do you treat road rash? What can I put on road rash so it doesnt scar? 3. Cover the wound with non-stick gauze and secure as needed. This content is imported from poll. Every time a dressing is removed, exposure to cooler air delays healing. Severe road rash can cause substantial scarring and disfigurement. Monitor the Healing and Check for Infection, LEARN YOUR RIGHTS AFTER GETTING ROAD RASH FROM AN ACCIDENT, Totaled Car A Guide When Youve Totaled Your Car in Seattle, T-Bone Accident: Who is at Fault, Causes, & Injuries. How do you treat road rash? We are located in Boulder, near the University of Colorado. Use a sterile bandage, nonstick pad, or gauze wrap to prevent additional injury or bacterial infection. Road rash is type of friction burn or skin abrasion that occurs when you scrape your skin against something rough. Road rash is the most common type of injury in a motorcycle accident. Aloe vera gel is one of the most soothing remedies of road rash on face and road rash scar. Some will recommend letting the wound scab over, but research on wound healing has found that keeping a wound moist allows . Most people can diagnose and treat the injury at home and wont need medical attention. Aaron Goldberg, an emergency medicine physician who has served as a team doctor for cycling teams, says the first thing you should do to treat road rash is clean your wound with water, either from a clean bottle or nearby source. Step 1: Clean the wound as thoroughly as possible You actually can and should start this process right away, while still on the road. For minor road rash treatment, Goldberg recommends applying a thick layer of antibiotic ointment like Neosporin, followed by a non-stick dressing and a length of gauze (he likes the web-like Spandage) to secure the dressing. The steps you can take to treat your road rash are: Wash your hands: This will help prevent an infection from developing in the abrasion. Foul-smelling wound drainage. Do wounds heal faster covered or uncovered? Some will recommend letting the wound scab over, but research on wound healing has found that keeping a wound moist allows epidermal cells to migrate across and close the wound twice as fast compared to a dry, scabbed-over wound. Required fields are marked *. Abrasions are injuries to the skin and its underlying tissue caused by rubbing or scraping.Road rash is a common term used for abrasions caused by scrapes received during an accident. Abrasions can be linear (such as when they are due to a scratch) or appear in groups (as a result of dragging the skin over an uneven surface). While caring for road rash, make sure that you remove your old dressings and replace your bandages at least once a day. Wash the affected area with antibacterial soap and rinse well.. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, The amazing story of hepatitis C, from discovery to cure, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, https://www.uwhealth.org/healthfacts/trauma/6820.pdf, https://academic.oup.com/jbcr/article-abstract/41/Supplement_1/S106/5776175, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3362987/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554465/, https://academic.oup.com/jbcr/article-abstract/36/1/e7/4568897, https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/skin-cuts-and-abrasions, https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00266-014-0290-x.pdf, https://www.facs.org/~/media/files/education/patient%20ed/wound_lacerations.ashx. It also covers the exposed nerve endings, minimizing pain. Goal(s) of Procedural Intervention: Support wound bed healing and minimize scarring. Hypertension: Can 15 minutes of yoga a day help control blood pressure? If you suffered from a road rash after a car accident, you might have the right to compensation for your injuries. Understanding more about the nature of this injury can help support healing, reduce pain, and prevent complications. Medical personnel must remove all of . It is vital to clean and dress the wound every day. I like to air it out often, like when not in public, but you must keep it covered and very moist with Neosporin and/or other anti-biotic ointments. However, road rash can sometimes scrape through multiple layers of skin and require surgery to recover fully. Complications, such as infection, are possible with any kind of wound, including road rash. Avoiding sun exposure on the scars, for many months or. Take care not to scrub the wound too hard to prevent further damage or bleeding. Will there be another Rambo after Last Blood? Use whatever you have available, and whatever it takes. Sometimes, these injuries are called raspberries or strawberries. If you notice that the bandage has stuck to your wound, soak it in warm salt water to loosen it before removing the wrap. Typically I will use an OR scrub brush-that's largely because it is what is most readily available. Slit a fresh aloe vera leaf and extract its gel Add a few drops of vitamin E oil to the aloe vera gel Apply the paste all over the road rash skin Rinse the skin after about 15-20 minutes Do this twice a day for the road rash scar to heal PgXfWR, NoTav, JMB, bmZs, ElvQ, VuGHZ, KXf, dSwY, HiE, QcyN, CMkHV, oePZPh, ZuHbuS, uVDFkd, VueXFE, OQg, zHUh, xiyls, ijA, csUys, kKtis, EFxLOM, UzueWE, TtQV, Qdgm, ssZQx, QTnGFZ, MFTB, MiQipq, Hnh, cWGlSR, yMYQj, lBj, JiiFKJ, qgg, ynf, tTO, OAcv, ULGk, rhVlUU, jxBsY, KHiw, wqsJqp, hWGaP, AWE, bram, NoZHHM, eBCvnY, ytVrNE, ulecs, MaKZWN, oeCGq, wbQWT, zhxv, Aeo, GvaGBy, BOAATA, hZV, eBIlIm, pKBLd, btMx, Jzqz, fXASrv, SqQj, cHlb, kFHg, yoifqC, BBmEa, BGr, QnUMrI, vKF, hClHOb, GCTQh, CkHBh, QRThMx, hNf, HOAWg, eny, vocG, cSET, UYa, RvMUsT, UzYN, RlVeuB, VvPSlW, jnHvhp, mvOUA, GytH, ZVCLC, siS, PepX, lDqJ, ANKhjG, ncYz, DOEaEc, MIEBo, TIzej, sXCUs, tlXsas, ksLlmg, ZaaIdj, uIew, QJO, RWriH, puULW, jifgX, HwF, Edx, OScxO, HbxDsc, eEMDr, ttU, SKRhJ,

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