Humanitarian Institute. An effective Aid Worker takes ownership of and responsibility for the work they are undertaking. Destruction of infrastructure, forced migration, loss of income and contamination of water supplies can all be reasons for why crises hit people need water, sanitation and hygiene assistance. As organizations are asked to do more with less, the need for a basic professional code has become an imperative. Great humanitarians persist until they find a way. Most likely we could have been wiped out. When the world has veered away from the principles of humanity, it has suffered. Recognize and actively support the capacities of National Societies.National Societies need the means to address the needs of the most vulnerable people in their communities on the basis of human dignity and humanitarian values. Read on! 9 Dec 2022. They will also be asked to recognize the need for a cost-support system when National Societies are taking on services that are complementary to the services of the state sector. Nada, a refugee from Bosnia-Herzegovina, has worked in a social welfare programme sponsored by the Federation and the Croatian Red Cross for two years now. She speaks of one 20-year-old refugee transformed from a mistrustful, weeping woman to a star volunteer at the centre." When she was shooting her movie Lara Croft: Tomb Raider in Cambodia, her eyes were opened to the suffering of the people in a country ravaged by war. Simply put a large part of a humanitarians job is communicating - speaking and listening. The International Federations Strategic Work Plan for the Nineties focuses on the challenge of improving the daily lives of the worlds most vulnerable people with a gradual development approach building on its global community network to ultimately improve a persons ability to cope with crisis. Their programmes combine the Movements fundamental principles with local, voluntary action. However, the Khmer Rouge is often sighted as one of the most barbaric regimes in history and the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia is often given as an example of a humanitarian intervention. The important message is that humanitarianism is uniquely complex and requires a balance of characteristics in the people who make it their profession. The second item on the agenda, Strengthening Capacity to Assist and Protect the Most Vulnerable, will focus on strengthening the global network of National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Education about such issues as humanitarian law and environmental protection is key, and people in the community, of whom the staff of National Societies are included, are in the best place to devise plans to help themselves. However, they are also autonomous national organizations, and their auxiliary role does not limit their initiative to undertake any humanitarian activity. This is another reason why the French military action in CAR is an example of a humanitarian intervention. It is easier to understand these principles if one sees them in action: as workers search for buried families after an earthquake, as they listen to refugees who wait patiently to return home or as they risk their own lives to protect civilians caught in crossfire. synonyms. We have the capability of doing humanitarian acts. The exact items given by aid agencies depend entirely on the needs of the population. The aim of these interventions is to limit the harm that can come to children, support their families to recover from the crises and provide physical and psychological support to children in need. National Society programmes vary depending on community need. In the conflicts that occurred during the break-up of Yugoslavia, the region of Bosnia saw extensive fighting, and many atrocities committed by Serbian and Bosnian forces. These can include the establishment of womens spaces, case management, setting-up referral pathways, medical assistance and sexual and reproductive health programming. How do they avoid undermining their integrity and humanity? The Bangladesh war of independence was incredibly violent, with extensive atrocities committed. The important role in protecting civilians and limiting abuses by armed militia is why the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan is a good example of a humanitarian intervention. If you want to learn more about humanitarian interventions throughout history, we highly recommend the online course International Humanitarian Law in Theory and Practice by Leiden University in the Netherlands. The northern no-fly zone, over the Kurdish area of Iraq, was created to protect Kurdish forces and civilians from air attacks by the Iraqi air force. The NATO intervention into the Kosovo War is often given as a prime example of humanitarian interventions in this era. In other contexts where people may have had to flee their homes because of conflict, an example of shelter as humanitarian aid is the setting-up of refugee camps giving people temporary shelters. You must listen to communities tell their stories, explain what they've experienced, and contribute to solutions. Red Cross or Red Crescent Societies are best able to fulfil the needs of citizens in their own communities. Ways shall be found to involve programme beneficiaries in the management of relief aid.8. For example, one way to champion humanitarian values on their own terms is to reject counterterrorism-rooted calls to suppress needs-based aid and protection in armed conflicts involving terrorists. What are your coping mechanisms? Social values are the criteria that govern the way of being, being and acting in a certain social group. Funds raised have been quickly recycled into community work. Earthquakes, conflicts and refugee migrations are all contexts where education programming is common. Yet most vulnerable people today have the motivation and the fortitude to help themselves. As an example of humanitarian aid, MHPSS projects cover a wide range of activities to help people with different psychological needs. We confront positions as diverse as simple, utilitarian measurements of the amount of people whose lives have been saved (Janzekovic, 2006: 144) to more specific positions such as Regan (1996: 341-342) who claims . One structure is dedicated to children's activities, another to men who make various wicker crafts. If you stand face to face with someone in pain, you know this instinctively. However, the ICRC has, in recent years, devoted increasing resources to this aim, particularly in the following fields: technical and legal assistance, support of National Society programmes for dissemination of international humanitarian law and fundamental principles, preparation of the National Societies for their activities in the event of conflict, as well as training of National Society leadership and staff. The UN coordinates humanitarian relief when natural and man-made disasters inflict devastation beyond what countries affected can handle. Cash is fast becoming a major type of humanitarian aid. But he is perhaps most famous for his principle of non-violent resistance by employing methods such as fasting, non-cooperation, and appealing to compassion and justice. If you want to learn more about humanitarianism, explore our list of the top humanitarian online courses here. Uphold neutrality and impartiality.The Movement needs governments and the United Nations to engage in the necessary political and other measures to uphold the strictly neutral and impartial space in which humanitarian action should take place. A humanitarian intervention was launched by Western countries against ISIS to prevent further attacks on civilians and to stop them capturing more territory. To answer this, weve given examples of the eleven main types of humanitarian aid. Some examples of humanitarian agencies that do cash programming are Mercy Corps, Oxfam, ACTED and Danish Refugee Council. There are also short-term livelihoods interventions such as to help people recover from sudden onset disasters such as extreme storms, earthquakes or floods. Yet this pain may seem remote to someone who does not deal with it daily. Following the intervention by NATO forces Bosnia was declared an independent state and relative piece was achieved. The best relief programmes are those that leave their beneficiaries best able to cope and regain their self-sufficiency and dignity. Its evaluation, however, brought it full circle, with a renewed belief and focus on ensuring that its value system is carried through from vision to reality. It needs sufficient human and financial resources. Thank you for supporting the site. Shelter is a major example of humanitarian assistance. There are also examples of humanitarian organisations subsidising schooling through paying teachers or providing pupils fees. It is hoped that organizations will want to commit themselves publicly to abiding by it. Somalia endured years of crippling war and conflict-induced famine. Humanitarian acts are seen throughout the world at all levels of life. Yet the past has been a great teacher. Her oldest son was also traumatized by the family's experience in the war and required counselling at school. This brochure presents the main subjects to be addressed by Commission II, briefly describes how these subjects apply to daily work in the field, and outlines the proposals that will be submitted to the Conference for consideration. Why Bitcoin Is So Special & Why You Need To Allocate, The Old World Order Is About To Collapse Peter Zeihan, 7 Distressing Cambodian Genocide Facts, Statistics & Timeline, 6 Staggering Honduras Literacy Rate Statistics and Facts, New World Order Desperate as Plan Falls Apart Martin Armstrong, What Americans Must Do to Stop the Great Reset. Can You Get a Humanitarian Job Without a Degree? It fulfils her to see other peoples tears stop flowing. Duncan is the founder of Humanitarian Careers. Commission I will concentrate on specific means of improving the plight of war victims and respect for implementation of international humanitarian law (topics to be discussed by Commission I are presented in the brochure Civilians in War). SHORTAGE Full Documentary: We Must Prepare for Unprecedented Food Shortages, U.S. Life Expectancy Fell With Covid Vax Rollout, NY Times Blames a Lack of Vaccination and White People. Providing this to affected populations is another example of humanitarian aid. How can the Movement adapt to the changing nature of conflict, disaster and insecurity today while maintaining its neutrality and independence? Some examples of such organizations are: Save the Children. Ed Steer: Silver From Comex Depleting! Some examples are Save the Children, War Child, Terre de Hommes and UNICEF. The Code is voluntary, self-policing and open to all organizations who offer help during crisis. It therefore encourages governments to recognize the capacity of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies as their auxiliaries while giving National Societies autonomy of action to fulfil their mandate in accordance with the principles that they stand for. Some examples are Oxfam, Save the Children, Solidarits International and Mercy Corps. National Societies also work closely with their governments to increase knowledge of international humanitarian law, the emblem and the fundamental principles of the Movement. A different decade, a different war. Emerging Practitioner: Build your Humanitarian careerOnline course, Thursday, Apr 13, 2017 As well as protecting civilians and helping to reinstate the government, France, along with the United Nations, used their military force to occupy CAR and allow humanitarian aid to be delivered. Humanitarian education can also assist with curriculum development and working with the Ministry of Education in crises hit countries. This online course shows the challenges in doing this and the international security context that surrounds humanitarian interventions. The US-led invasion of Iraq is another good example of humanitarian interventions being used as cover for aggressive military action. At the same time, the humanitarian world is growing. The Kosovo War was a conflict that occurred as part of the break-up of Yugoslavia. It strengthens the Movement as a whole. "It was difficult for all of us to adjust in the beginning. Duncan is the founder of Humanitarian Careers. Aid is given regardless of the race, creed or nationality of the recipients and without adverse distinction of any kind. They cite, for example, people who build inadequate housing on the banks of a river and return to build again and again after the river floods. Humanitarian Values and Communication Department is involving in the areas of dissemination of Red Cross Knowledge, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and Fundamental Principles of the RCRC Movement to promote NRCS image and humanitarian values. Crystal Lombardo is a contributing editor for Vision Launch. The principles of humanitarian work bring balance to a world out of kilter. By 1995 the American forces had handed over to the United Nations mission in Haiti. Social change is complex and nuanced. M eaningful actions in our research, teaching and operational endeavors are at the heart of our values and our work. The main focuses of this project are; 1.To create an awareness of the moral values and traditional heritage that are . International Humanitarian Law is the legal foundation of humanitarian interventions and understanding its basic concepts is key to gaining an overview of past attempts to end crimes against humanity. A dance-concert and a traditional Lao steambath have also added kips (the local currency) to the budget. Later, as part of a Swedish Red Cross-funded programme to assist the Guatemalan Red Cross, the delegate, assisted by the Mexican Red Cross and the Colombian Red Cross, designed and implemented two training modules to improve disaster response capacity and promote Red Cross disaster preparedness, prevention and response within communities. Both people whose lives are impacted by the crises, and aid workers who respond in difficult scenarios can require MHPSS support. It believes that applying these ethical principles and professional standards to today's humanitarian challenges will help solve some of tomorrow's problems. Case study - Places For Peoplemakes the creation of sustainable communities a key part of their social value approach. We often hear through the news or social media about humanitarian aid being delivered, but what exactly is it? Disaster preparedness training gives volunteers a new role, provides exposure of the branch to the community and proves its long-term worth in time of disaster. In Bangladesh, more than 1,000 non-governmental organizations are registered with the government. This is a controversial one! Follow the link to the courses page for more information. In 2000, the UK military intervened in the Sierra Leonean civil war. Each Commission may propose resolutions for the Conference as a whole to adopt. The Code is now being used by 52 of these organizations in 19 countries worldwide to evaluate and monitor their relief delivery. The Movements concept of development emphasizes improving quality of life, full community participation, sharing resources and conserving the environment. In 1991 a military coup overthrew the elected President of Haiti. The programme will provide two training sessions for directors and disaster relief operators from Red Cross branches in the Latin American region. The Federation recently developed self-assessment guidelines for National Societies. Thankfully, we have the ability to feel compassion and show resiliency in the most difficult times. After all, they have withstood much and survived it all. Help was given, no questions asked. Yet few understand their full significance. Many crises require aid agencies to respond with the provision of healthcare. This is a strong example of a humanitarian intervention as the United Kingdom used its armed forces to protect civilians both British and Sierra Leonean.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'humanitariancareers_com-box-4','ezslot_1',104,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-humanitariancareers_com-box-4-0'); The Sierra Leone Civil War raged from 1991 to 2002 and saw extensive atrocities committed against civilians. They offer services mainly in the fields of community development, social welfare and public health. These principles need to be the mind, soul and conscience of humanitarian workers, every day. Aid that enables people to keep their livestock, tools and seed will help with today's morale and tomorrow's coping ability. Many humanitarian organisations run education projects. He remembers his previous mission in the town. By definition, a humanitarian intervention violates a countries sovereignty but the justification for the armed aggression is to respond to atrocities. There are many examples of healthcare as humanitarian aid. Twelve branches in the Dominican Republic will be trained this year, and each branch will be asked to hold four community sessions. Like many United Nations missions, the African Union mission in Darfur had a strict mandate and was restricted in what actions it could take. Universal Basic Income: Wheres The Evidence. You want your projects to generate sustainable impact - this means implementing contextualised initiatives. Since its founding in 1945, the United Nations has worked "to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an . With over 8 years experience in the aid industry across fifteen countries, Duncan set-up Humanitarian Careers to help people launch their own career in international aid. Because the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement was relatively unknown in Laos, it had to make itself known at both the central and provincial levels. Paul Lifetu is used to tough decisions. Non-food items (NFI) is the technical term given in the humanitarian sector for physical items distributed as aid. Disaster preparedness training will continue throughout 1995 in 50 communities in Guatemala, Panama, the Dominican Republic and Argentina, funded by the European Union. Some examples of the types of crises where non-food items may be given as humanitarian assistance include floods, earthquakes, conflicts, refugee camp settings and famines. Lists. By the 1970s, East Pakistan what is today Bangladesh, began an uprising and push for independence from Pakistan. Respect their obligations under international humanitarian law to protect internally displaced persons when they are victims of conflict. Impartiality serves as one of the humanitarian imperative's primary ideological justifications. Overwhelming challenges and limited resources - what do you do? Water It doesn't take people long to get sick or die due to a lack of clean water. HumanityImpartialityNeutralityIndependenceVoluntary ServiceUnityUniversality, The 31st International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. The four principles of humanitarian aid as codified by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) are humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence. The southern no-fly zone was implemented to protect the Shia of Iraq who also rose up against Saddam. 1. Parents do find their missing children. For those wanting to gain a better understand of past humanitarian intervention, we also recommend the online course An International Security Series: Genocide. The most significant difference can be made by strengthening National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. How To Get A United Nations Logistics Job (Complete Guide), 12 NGO Jobs You Can Get With No Experience, 6 Ways You Can Volunteer In South America for Free, Why Is The UN In The United States? The Movement makes a point of constantly reassessing its operations. Its first branch in Luang Prabang, 200 km north of the country's capital, was formed in October 1993. Faced with overwhelming fire-power, Serbia withdrew and an independent state of Kosovo was declared. Residents supply themselves and the common kitchen with vegetables using parcels of land around the centre that have been distributed to them. One example of humanitarian assistance is child protection programming. The 1990s have brought a flood of changes and challenges. There are a wide range of project types that humanitarian agencies run to assist women affected by crises. The humanitarian intervention against ISIS did not result in an occupation of Iraq or Syria and so it is harder to attribute ulterior motives. There are many examples of how humanitarian agencies can use aid to help people meet their water sanitation, hygiene needs. This is where aid agencies directly provide people in need with money. There are different examples of how aid agencies can provide shelter as humanitarian aid. It nonetheless needs to be able to rely on humanitarian respect and security enforcement to do its work effectively. It also looks after the different communication channels owned by NRCS, for example, the website . Many people call for the use of military force to stop countries committing genocide. There is a huge range of items that need to be distributed to people affected by poverty, crises or wars. Review and understand the content of the curricular model on Sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression aimed at refugees and migrants belonging to the LGBTIQ + community. Do you have the capacity to adapt and respond to unique and changing situations? It needs a constituency. A presentation of the two main topics addressed by Commission II of the 1995 International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, namely, principles to be respected in international humanitarian action (Code of Conduct) and strengthening of the capacity of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement to assist and protect the most vulnerable. Violence has plagued the Central African Republic (CAR) since independence. These include distributing clean water, digging wells and latrines, waste collection and disposal and providing non-food items such as soap, sanitary products and cleaning supplies. This is because military action was taken against another country with the stated aim of protecting civilians and preventing ethnic cleansing and human rights abuses. Greece had been ruled by the Ottoman Empire since for several hundred years. The Costa Rica Red Cross offered 101 disaster education sessions in 1994. Lives depend on the solutions. You need to have the confidence and capacity to work with budgets and donors. Suddenly, three silhouettes appear in the road making signs for the car to stop. Some examples of health projects run by humanitarian organisations include trauma care, surgery, providing drugs, sexual and reproductive health, HIV/aids work and helping people with disabilities. Following the invasion, the Khmer Rouge dictator Pol Pot was removed from power and his regime did not continue to govern Cambodia.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'humanitariancareers_com-leader-2','ezslot_9',199,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-humanitariancareers_com-leader-2-0'); The removal of the Khmer Rouge from government by the Vietnamese ended wide-spread and horrific atrocities across Cambodia, and is another reason why the invasion is often given as an example of a humanitarian intervention. She continues to fight for human rights and pushes for the assistance of refugees in troubled nations. Global Examples of Humanitarian Aid from the UN. Some of her humanitarian works focused on banning and recovering buried landmines, which maimed and killed children in Angola, reducing the stigma of HIV/AIDS and leprosy, and providing children with the best healthcare and opportunities. Examples of chronic crises that often have livelihood responses are refugee and migration contexts, droughts and poverty reduction work. The aim of humanitarian aid is to save lives, reduce suffering and help people recover from disasters. Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) rose to prominence in the violence that followed the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq, and then grew during the Syrian Civil War from 2011. Effective humanitarians must be knowledgeable of the context, the sector and the profession. These are not easy questions, but they must be answered. Example of Humanitarian values. There has been a United Nations mission in the Congo since the 1960s. Because of his political views, he was imprisoned for 27 years. Discussions about crucial issues of the day will take place in two Commissions. Mental health and psycho-social support (MHPSS) is an example of humanitarian aid that works to assist people with their mental health within a humanitarian context. There are mixed views on the success of the African Union military action in Darfur, however it is an important example of humanitarian interventionism in Africa. Nada is grateful to be able to help others because she was recently in a similar position. examples. 9 Examples of Military Aid (Throughout History). Millions of people worldwide are right now receiving food, shelter and medical care that is life-saving. The Movement has taken its commitment to humanitarian values one step further, leading the way in creating a code of conduct for humanitarian organizations and agencies. Humanitarian Careers provides information on degrees, courses and jobs for those working in humanitarian aid, students studying international development and recent graduates looking to launch their career in aid. Some 8 million kips (about 10,400 US dollars) worth of goods was distributed among 3,500 vulnerable people in ten villages in 1994. This page contains affiliate links. The Lao Red Cross overcame these challenges, and now offers services from five branches. Refugees do return home. Some notable ones include Save the Children, UNICEF and the Norwegian Refugee Council. A National Society's performance is defined by its activities, their relevance and effectiveness, and how well they improve the state of the worlds most vulnerable people. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Many humanitarian medical responses also employ a type of job known as a Community Health Worker that comes directly from the crises affected community. Many humanitarian organisations run projects to protect women and help those affected by gender-based violence. In addition, institutional and resource development are crucial links to building the networks capacity to help the most vulnerable people of the world. The first, Principles and Response in International Humanitarian Assistance and Protection, will focus on the core principles and values on which the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement was founded. Their role must be clearly understood and their integrity safeguarded. There are many humanitarian organisations that provide food aid. The link if to the courses page. Cash assistance is also good for beneficiaries as it allows them to spend the money on their exact individual needs. The first, Principles and Response in International Humanitarian Assistance and Protection, will focus on the core principles and values on which the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement was founded. Working in humanitarian aid is incredibly demanding, and it takes a certain type of person to do it well. Some food is provided as cooked meals or staple food items such as rice, oil and bread is provided to people. Your role as a 21st century humanitarian is to build the capacity of those around you - transferring capacity to enable the country, community and individuals youre working with to determine their own path forward. antonyms. The US led military operation in Somalia in 1992 is another example of a humanitarian intervention. An important example of humanitarian aid is gender-based violence programming. Her first training session, which included personal accounts similar to her own, made her cry. In fact, the many people sight the 2003 American invasion of Iraq as a reason why humanitarian interventions are now often seen as only pretences. Aid agencies run projects that aim to help children and their families who are affected by crises. You must also be able to interpret and understand different ways of looking at situations - you facilitate solutions not determine them. The Albanian missionary who was also a Roman Catholic nun dedicated a large portion of her life to charitable works, particularly in India. We shall endeavour not to act as instruments of government foreign policy.5. When the Greek war of independence began in 1821, initially foreign nations were against intervention. Commission II will focus on incorporating specific universal values and principles into the humanitarian community's daily work, improving the quality of humanitarian assistance and protection in crises, and reinforcing to governments the crucial role of the National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in upholding these values and the capacity to respond (which this publication aims to introduce). His career reads like a history of independent Zaire and its troubles. He devoted his whole life to fight apartheid in South Africa and to promote peace and harmony among the black and white communities in the region. Heres How To Self Custody It NOW!! The decade is up. Humanitarian crises affect women extensivity. Another example of a humanitarian intervention is the US invasion of Haiti. Medical needs in humanitarian emergencies can be huge. The siege of Sarajevo and the Srebrenica massacre both drove public opinion before and during the intervention. Translation Spell check Synonyms Conjugation More This course looks at the major shifts in global affairs, including the use of military force against states committing atrocities. Rwanda saw up to one million people killed and half its population displaced, with many fleeing people dying from thirst and disease. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'humanitariancareers_com-leader-3','ezslot_10',196,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-humanitariancareers_com-leader-3-0');Its important to note that the NATO intervention in Bosnia came late in the conflict and it is often given as an example of what can happen if humanitarian interventions are delayed. In fact, the French expedition into the Ottoman Empire to protect Christians is often given as an example of one of the first humanitarian interventions. Throughout the past two decades, the number of international humanitarian organizations has grown rapidly. It is ready to adapt to new conditions fast. Are you a problem solver? The conflict also spiled over into modern day Syria with the destruction of the Christian quarter of Damascus. "We are not soldiers. It is not a time to rest on past laurels, but to act to ensure the survival of multitudes of people. Humanitarians come from different backgrounds and work in a wide variety of sectors - health, education, logistics, agriculture and so on. Red Cross and Red Crescent operations may seem idealistic in a time that has lost its hope in happy endings. So has the number of people that need their help - 250 to 300 million people a year are affected by disasters. It is a spirit which will abide long after the war is over and the refugees return home. You must listen to communities tell their stories, explain what they've experienced, and contribute to solutions. The Movement has been hard pressed to define its operational responsibilities in situations like these. Weve Got the Answer, 7 Ways Geography Affects A Countrys Development. But is there something that can be recouped out of the wreckage of war, genocide and social collapse? In setting up its branches, the National Society has been hampered by the country's ethnic and geographic diversity. A drunken man carrying arms and wearing a military uniform needs to be transported out of town. In Chile, for example, predictions call for a major earthquake every 10 years. It believes that the only way this can be accomplished is by reviving the principles, enhancing respect for human dignity and humanitarian values, improving peoples ability to cope with crisis, strengthening the capacity of vulnerable people worldwide and building a global network that capitalizes on the capacities, skills and resources of its members. Provide the necessary resources for the Movement's programmes.The Conference will emphasize that the long-term nature of today's refugee situations should be kept in mind when planning for such an occurrence. As we understand it, the humanitarian imperative is based on normative commitments to provide - in all armed conflicts - impartial aid and protection to all civilians in need and fighters hors de combat irrespective of affiliation. Almost all types of humanitarian crises require aid agencies to provide water, sanitation and hygiene assistance. Earthquakes, floods, conflicts and migration crises are just some examples of contexts where people require shelter assistance. In 2000, the rebel group the Revolutionary United Front was close to taking the Sierra Leone capital of Freetown. We are just a patrol," they insist. Outside of Angelina Jolie movies, and Sean Penns outbursts, we tend not to hear a lot about the rigours of performing humanitarian work. In the 19th Century, present day Lebanon was part of the Ottoman Empire. 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